The "liquid" was fundamentally new for Melitopol designers, because until that time all Zaporozhets were equipped with V-shaped "air vents". The main work on the design of an engine for a front-wheel drive car of an especially small class was completed in 1979, and in 1982, after acceptance tests, the State Commission recommended this unit for mass production. Alas, for a number of reasons, serially motors for new Tavria they began to produce in Melitopol only in 1988 - like the car itself in Zaporozhye.

By the XXVII Congress of the CPSU in 1986, the Kommunar plant undertook to produce an experimental batch of thirty copies of the ZAZ-1102

Good engine with a difficult fate

What was interesting about the engine of the first front-wheel drive car from Zaporozhye? Firstly, the Melitopol unit was distinguished by a very modern design. In terms of the overall level, the MeMZ-245 was not particularly inferior to the "top of the Soviet engine building" - the VAZ-2108 engine. Like the Sputnik unit, the Tauride engine was equipped with a Solex-type carburetor with a forced economizer system for the purpose of economy. idle move. Another parallel is the timing belt drive, not the chain. Ignition - contactless, with a switch - again, as in the Togliatti "eight".

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A relatively high compression ratio (9.5) meant operation on gasoline with an octane rating of at least 91. In general, feel the difference with the previous Melitopol "air vents"!

MeMZ-245 in section

At the same time, an engine with a volume of 1091 "cubes" developed a power of 53 liters sufficient for Tavria. With. For comparison: the similar in volume 1,100 cc engine of the "downsizing" version was two "horses" weaker.

There was also a derated version of the MeMZ-2451 with a reduced compression ratio (7.9). The engine developed 47 liters. With. and at the same time could work on A-76 gasoline.

Thus, in terms of power-to-weight ratio, a 1.1-liter machine was not much inferior to a 1,300-cubic-meter Sputnik, but in a loaded state, a smaller working volume and maximum power were still felt.

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However, in comparison with the Zhiguli and Muscovites, the dynamic qualities of the ZAZ-1102 did not leave much to be desired: the car picked up a “hundred” from a place in about 16 seconds, and the maximum speed reached 145 kilometers per hour. The high efficiency of Tavria with the MeMZ-245 engine was declared: according to the manufacturer, at a speed of 90 km / h, the consumption was 4.6 l / 100 km, and in the urban cycle - 6.8 l / 100 km. Wherein real consumption fuel, depending on driving conditions, ranged from 6 to 8 liters for every hundred kilometers.

In the photo: ZAZ-1102

As it turned out, with timely maintenance and correct applied fuels and lubricants the engine was able to serve over 100,000 kilometers before the first repair - of course, provided that the infamous "Zhiguli" valve oil seals had not failed before.

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The engine turned out to be quite "fun" - that is, it easily spun up to the maximum speed (5,600 rpm) and at the same time was very quiet, if we compare its sound with the roar of the previous Melitopol air-cooled units.

After the collapse of the USSR, the Melitopol Motor Plant began independent work on a range of engines based on the same MeMZ-245, which remained the only unit for Tavria and its modifications.

Even then, the designers conceived an unusual line, which was supposed to open ... the so-called "rabbit" - a three-cylinder engine with a volume of 0.9 liters. In addition, it was decided to equip the time-tested Tavria engine with a fuel injection system, as well as to master modifications with a working volume increased to 1.3-1.4 liters. Already in 1994, prototypes were developed, which were even assigned the appropriate indices - a 1.25-liter MeMZ-310, as well as MeMZ-315 and MeMZ-317 with a volume of 1.4 liters. Interestingly, the latter was conceived as a 16-valve version of the "three hundred and fifteenth" engine. In a word, there is a desire of Ukrainian designers to follow the same scheme (increase in working volume and number of valves), according to which the units of the "eighth" family at VAZ were modernized.

Alas, as Leonid Danilovich Kuchma, the second president of modern Ukraine, rightly noted in the title of his book, Ukraine is not Russia. In 1993-1994, tests of prototypes and prototypes of promising engines were often disrupted due to ... the banal lack of fuel suitable for this!

In those difficult times for the countries of the former USSR, new engines were developed in Melitopol, including in order to increase exports, which would make it possible to obtain such a coveted currency at that time. After all, in the conditions of hyperinflation, barter deals, the constant collapse of the coupon-karbovanets exchange rate and other "charms" of the first years of the new state's existence, only foreign exchange earnings could allow the enterprise to stay afloat. That is why, together with Siemens, a single-point (mono-, as it is sometimes called) fuel injection system with a catalytic converter at the outlet was developed.

Dreams, dreams ... In practice, the plant experienced constant problems with the production and conventional engines MeMZ-245. For example, the Michurin plant in 1994 refused to supply Ukrainians with piston rings- I had to get out and buy parts ... in Bulgaria.

Alas, in the period from 1993 to 1997, things at MeMZ went so badly that many talented and competent employees simply left it, unable to withstand salary delays, theft and marriage. The quality of the products at that time was so low that it was not always possible to assemble one normal engine suitable for installation on a commercial vehicle from two finished engines of that time.

At ZAZ, they tried in various ways to solve the urgent "heart issue": at that time, the factory workers tried to "implant" Tavria with an alternative power unit- for example, a 1.3-liter VAZ-2108 engine assembled with a four-speed transmission, which led to a denser arrangement of units under the hood and forced the designers to remove the "spare wheel" from there. The model received the ZAZ-1122 index, but due to the fact that VAZ supplied power units in extremely limited quantities, Tavria with a figure-of-eight engine did not receive special distribution.

Another attempt by the Zaporozhye enterprise to "get away from MeMZA" is the four-cylinder lower engine FIAT-903 with a volume of 0.9 liters and a power of 45 hp. With. The model with the ZAZ-1140 index was even rarer than the version with Russian engine, because the purchase of foreign units required the same currency, the lack of which at that time was so acutely experienced by the Ukrainian plant ...

New time - new engines

After the arrival of the Koreans at AvtoZAZ and the creation of the AvtoZAZ-Daewoo JV in March 1998, the Melitopol Motor Plant was included in the enterprise on the rights of KhRP AvtoZAZ-Motor.

Such a move made it possible not only to keep the enterprise afloat, but also to revive it. After all, for the first time in 11 years since the start of production of Tavria and engines for it, MeMZ mastered a whole family of units, which were a further development of the same "two hundred and forty-fifth".

The Korean partners were able to "breathe a second life" both into Tavria and into its power unit manufactured in Melitopol. The time-tested 1.1-liter MeMZ-245 remained in service, but thanks to high-quality components and the new quality control department, it became much more reliable and durable, not much inferior in terms of engine life VAZ units. According to official information of those years, the return of defective engines from AvtoZAZ decreased by an order of magnitude - to 0.3%, and earlier the factory workers simply put up with a frank marriage of power units, just not to stop the conveyor.

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The "old new" motor was used on the basic versions of the "improved" Tavria with the prefix "NOVA", while the Slavuta liftback received new larger displacement motors, which were then "inherited" by Tavria. By the way, everything happened at the VAZ at the same time: the most prestigious sedan model 21099 was initially equipped with only the most powerful one and a half liter engine.

Using the developments of the early nineties, with the technical and financial support of Korean partners in Melitopol, they finally began to produce engines of increased displacement and power.

Applying a new piston group and crankshaft with a stroke increased from 67 mm to 73.5 mm, the displacement was " little blood"raise to 1.2 liters. This unit, under the symbol MeMZ-2457, with a classic power supply system (carburetor) with a capacity of 58 hp at the beginning of the 2000s became basic modification motor for Slavuta.

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Interestingly, the standard 1.1-liter "tavromotor" with the MeMZ-245 index by replacing piston group and the crankshaft can easily be turned into a 1.2-liter one, and such an upgrade will not affect the resource in any way, because all the parts used in this case are factory! In practice, many Ukrainian motorists overhaul engines added to it a few "cubes" and "horses" in such a simple and fairly budgetary way.

In 2001, MeMZ began production of a 1.3-liter MeMZ engine-301/3011. An increase in the next 100 "cubes" of the working volume was achieved by increasing the diameter of the pistons from 72 to 75 mm. The engine is structurally somewhat different from the previous MeMZ engines of the 245 family: the engine block with the index 301-1002013 with thicker walls, due to the increase in the diameter of the piston group, was deprived of cooling channels between each pair of cylinders (1-2 and 3-4). Also, the motor was different from less voluminous counterparts camshaft with wider valve timing for better filling of the cylinders.

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Such a 1.3-liter engine was designed for installation not only in cars of the "Taurian" family, but also in ... a body Daewoo Lanos. The "budget" modification combined a "body from a foreign car" with a Ukrainian power unit, which favorably affected the price. It is no coincidence that the L-1300, which later received its own name "Sens", became a very popular Ukrainian car, which was able to take away many buyers from VAZ products.

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Of course, at MeMZ, in cooperation with the Dimitrovgrad Automotive Plant (DAAZ, Russia), they were actively working on the introduction of a more modern and progressive power supply system - distributed injection, because without it it was impossible to fit into even the minimum Euro-2 exhaust toxicity standards.

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Both the 1.2-liter modification and the "301st" engine were transferred to the "injector". MeMZ-2477 with a volume of 1.2 liters with a maximum power of 63 liters. With. is a derivative of the carburetor version with an index of 2457. This engine turned out to be the most economical of the entire family when driving at a uniform speed along the highway.

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Attention! A lot of documentation on the repair of Tavria (at the time this link was posted, 12 books had been collected) can be uploaded by you at.

General information about the car
Controls and instrumentation
Appearance and mounting of the power unit
ICE engine Tavria 1140 (Fiat)
Maintenance of the Solex carburetor (Video)
crank mechanism
Mechanism of gas distribution
Lubrication system
Cooling system
power supply system fuel pump, carburetor (documentation),
regulation of the Solex XX system (video)
Description of the power system (SRVT) of the injection engine Tavria (Slavuta) (Engine MeMZ 3071)
The design of the fuel system SRVT engine MeMZ 307 (Tavria / Slavuta / Sens)
Clutch
Transmission
Final drive with differential and articulated shafts
Front suspension
Rear suspension Wheels and tires
Control mechanisms
Steering
Brake system
electrical equipment
List of ground connection points (ground / ground) "Tavria"
Wiring diagrams Battery
Old type generator
New type of Generator (97Т.3701)
Starter
Ignition system
Ignition switch with anti-theft device Lighting and signaling
Windshield wiper and washer Windshield wiper and washer tailgate glass Cooling fan motor Heater fan motor Instrumentation
Body and heating system
Stove Tavria
Body
Heating and ventilation of the passenger compartment Application.
Rolling bearings

Regarding the repair of Tavria ... this is not a cosmically complex process, in principle it can be learned.
To do this, read the following materials of our site

• Tavria, repair manual. On this page I have collected books and printed materials that can help in the repair of TAVRIA.
• Some materials on the repair of "Tavriy" are posted in the Repair section of our website. Basically, this is what I did on my own;
• on the forum of our site, in the FAQ section, there is a collection of FAQs on components and assemblies;
• Again, you can ask your questions on our Forum, in the Repair section.
• general description constructions from the album of K. S. Fuchadzhi, on which it was healthy to print and correct by hand, -. Perhaps someday I will finish this work, but for now I try to “drive in” a little on weekends ...
• Torrents, which contain many books on the repair of Tavria, a complete list of them -.

Repair of Tavria, how to be and to whom to entrust?

The repair of the Tavria (as well as the repair of the Slavuta) is not such a complicated process. This is not your BMW or Mercedes-Benz. Everything is simple here. If it were not for the totally poor quality of parts and assembly, service, this car would be one of the most reliable cars, by the way. Well, like all small cars. Therefore, I will suggest that you carry out the repair of this machine yourself. This is not a fiction, the service will not want to serve you. Too unattractive car. from the mechanics point of view. After all, for work on different cars in principle, the money for service stations is not paid much, and then different. I'm not talking about official stations that repair Ferraris and land cruisers, I'm talking about normal stations. So it turns out that the repair of an old Mercedes is made easier and faster than Tavria, and the first one promises big money, and significantly, because the brand is more prestigious.

And yet ... when buying this car, you should be clearly aware - Tavria / Slavuta / Date and repair, in principle, are indistinguishable concepts. True, there are unique ones who manage to achieve many years of operation from the machine without breakdowns. Honor and glory to them, but for the majority this unit breaks down, and constantly. You can see how and what is happening in the Logbook section of my website. In short - the cause of breakdowns is incorrect operation, then the unreliability of parts, and only after that - blunders in the design of the machine.

Tavro - books that are still available for purchase

Ranok publishing house publishes a repair manual that contains all the necessary information. I recommend buying this book "in paper" rather than downloading it from various sites. Why? Very simply, there may not be Internet on the road, but it will be necessary to repair it! Here is a link for you, delivery is available both in Ukraine and in Russia. By the way, there is one more book in the catalog, only for 1102. Take both. For such pennies, how much they cost now - you can spend money! By the way, I ordered the first one in 2007, and the last one in 2009, when I wrote this ...

• Tavria 1102 vehicle characteristics
  

Rice. 1. Car ZAZ-1102 "Tavria":
1 - ignition coil; 2 - engine; 3 - sensor-distributor; 4 - hood; 5 - expansion tank; 6 - air cleaner; 7 - wiper blade; 8 - instrument panel; 9 - wheel; 10 - rear-view mirror; 11 - sun visor; 12 - body; 13 - tailgate; 14 - tailgate stop; 15 - rear light; 16 - rear buffer; 11 - mudguard; 18 - muffler pipe; nineteen - brake drum; 20 - rear suspension shock absorber; 21 - rear suspension beam; 22 - silencer; 23 - fuel tank; 24 - seat belt; 25 - rear seat back; 26 - rear seat cushion; 27 - external rear-view mirror; 28 - front seat; 29 - parking brake lever; 30 - gearbox control mechanism; 31 - clutch pedal; 32- spare wheel; 33 - decorative cap; 34 - wheel; 35 - hub flange front wheel; 36 - hinge shaft (half shaft); 37 - front suspension strut; 38 - gearbox; 39- accumulator battery; 40 - main brake cylinder; 41 windshield washer reservoir; 42 - direction indicator; 43 - steering mechanism; 44 - starter; 45 - generator; 46 - radiator; 47 - front buffer; 48 - headlight.





Rice. 2. The main dimensions of the car (height is given without load)

Car ZAZ-1102 "Tavria"(Fig. 1) developed at the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant. The plant produced the first batch of these cars in 1987. The production of these cars is increasing every year.
In parallel with the base model ZAZ-1102 "Tavria", the plant produces cars various configurations, differing from the basic fabric carpet on the floor of the cabin, seats with combined upholstery, installation of head restraints on the backs of the front seats, a windshield washer and a wiper on the tailgate, moldings on the sidewalls of the body, etc. base model"Tavria" is complemented by three modifications of cars with manual control for the disabled.
Car ZAZ-11027 "Tavria" designed for disabled people who have one leg injured, but have healthy hands.
The car is equipped with:
a special pedal (for the right or left foot);
two-lever light signaling switch and windshield wipers; mass switch.
Car ZAZ-11028 "Tavria" designed for disabled people who have amputated or injured both legs, but have healthy hands.
The car is equipped with:
manual control throttle valves carburetor;
a special electrovacuum drive for disengaging the clutch;
manual hydraulic brake control;
two-lever light signaling switch and windshield wipers; "mass" switch;
a special handle (on the gearbox control lever) with a button for disabling the electrovacuum drive for disengaging the clutch.
Car ZAZ-11029 "Tavria" designed for disabled people with one leg and one arm.
The car is equipped with:
a special pedal for controlling the throttle valves of the carburetor; electrovacuum clutch release drive;
a special hydraulic brake control pedal;
parking brake control lever for right or left hand;
a special steering wheel with a current collector on the shaft.
A horn switch, a turn switch, a headlight switch, a button for turning on the wiper and washer, a gear selection ring are mounted on the steering shaft;
special foot switch gearbox;
"mass" switch;
a special speed limit sign on the front and rear windows.
Car ZAZ-1102 "Tavria" is a model of an especially small class (Fig. 2), fundamentally different from its predecessors. Each detail on Tavria is original in terms of layout and the most important technical solutions and corresponds to modern trends in the development of the automotive industry.
The front-wheel drive scheme, more modern, replaced the rear-engine one, which was previously used on all ZAZ vehicles. The power unit, consisting of an engine, gearbox and final drive, located in the front of the body, is located across the engine compartment.

Such an arrangement and transmission of torque to the front wheels made it possible, with a relatively small size of the car, to create a fairly spacious interior for 4 ... 5 people, to have a two-volume, easily transformable luggage compartment in passenger and cargo-passenger version.
When transporting large luggage backseat folds and the useful volume of the trunk almost triples.
The car body is wedge-shaped, three-door, two-volume, hatchback type. Thanks to the large side doors, side curved windows, front anatomical seats with stepless adjustment of the inclination of the backs and a large range of longitudinal movement, and fairly wide rear seats, convenient entry and exit of front and rear passengers, convenient and comfortable boarding and placement are provided.
The most important indicator of a car is its economy. It is achieved primarily thanks to the engine with a new combustion process, high compression ratio, two-barrel carburetor and switched off fan in the cooling system. The relatively low weight of the car, the new tire design, the five-speed gearbox with an accelerating top gear, and the aerodynamically more perfect body shape also had an effect here.


Technical specifications car ZAZ-1102 "Tavria":

Number of seats, including the driver's seat.................................................... .................................4 or 5
Weight of cargo carried in the luggage compartment, kg (no more) .................................50
Permissible gross weight in the roof rack, within
gross weight of the car, kg .............................................. ................................................. ( no more) 50
Mach of an unloaded car, kg .............................................. ...................................660
» equipped car, kg .............................................. .................................................710
Full mass car, kg .............................................. .................................................1110

Distribution of load on the road from the car, N through the tires of the front wheels:
equipped ................................................. ................................................. .................................4312.0
gross weight .............................................................. ................................................. ................................ 5620.0
through tires rear wheels:
equipped ................................................. ................................................. ............................... 2646.0
gross weight .............................................................. ................................................. ...............................5274.7
ground clearance at nominal static radius of tires under load, mm:
under the spar ................................................... ................................................. .........................173
» clutch housing .................................................. ................................................. ..............162
» rear axle crossmember .............................................................. ................................................. .....170
The smallest turning radius of the car along the axis of the front track
outer (relative to the center of rotation) wheel, m, no more than .................................. 5
Outer overall turning radius of the vehicle at the outermost point front bumper, furthest from the center
turn, m, no more .............................................. ................................................. .................5.5
Maximum vehicle speed in fourth gear, km/h:
at full weight .............................................................. ................................................. ......................140
with driver and passenger ....................................................... ................................................. ...148
Acceleration time from a standstill with a gear change to a vehicle speed of 100 km/h, s (no more):
at full weight .............................................................. ................................................. ......................twenty
with driver and passenger ....................................................... ................................................. ...17
The maximum rise overcome by the car,%, not less...36
Braking distance of a car moving with a full weight at a speed of 80 km/h on a dry, level road section with asphalt concrete surface, m, not more than:
when using the service brake system .............................................................. ..........43.2
spare brake system .................................................................. .............................................93.2
Gross weight of the towed trailer (only with special
cial towing device), kg:
not equipped with brakes .............................................................. ...........................................300
equipped with brakes ................................................................ .................................................600
Fuel consumption (when running on AI-93 gasoline), l:
at a speed of 90 km/h .............................................. ................................................. ...................4,6
120 km/h.............................................. ................................................. .................................................6.6
when driving in the city .................................................. ................................................. ..........6.8
Thanks to the front drive wheels and rack and pinion steering, the Tavria has a fairly high directional stability, in general, the handling characteristics are noticeably improved, especially on slippery road surfaces. Front wheel drive has created the basis for safer driving. It was this feature that contributed to the development and spread of front wheel drive vehicles.

Do you know what the first domestic car, which became the hero of thousands of jokes, was the legendary minicar created at the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant? If you hastily “flip through” the weighty volume of the complete collection of works of oral creativity of the Soviet people, then one of its most significant chapters will most likely be titled - “Anecdotes about the Zaporozhets” And this is a sign of the unprecedented popularity of this machine among the Soviet people, which eventually passed from "humped" ZAZ-965 and "eared" ZAZ-966 front-wheel drive vehicles, the first of which was the ZAZ-1102 "Tavria".

The design of a front-wheel drive car at ZAZ began back in 1970. Dozens of options went through the designers before deciding to settle on a single layout of the car - with a three-door hatchback body and a transversely located four-cylinder liquid-cooled engine. It should be noted that exactly the same layout became the main and when designing a front-wheel drive "eight" at the Volga Automobile Plant.

The car turned out to be quite interesting. The three-door body turned out to be quite strong, rigid and light enough, the trunk was roomy (250 l), and if the rear seat was folded forward, its volume increased to 700 l, which is even more than that of the VAZ-2108!

Under the hood of the car, in addition to the engine with the units serving it, the designers also placed a spare wheel. This made the trunk more spacious, however, by today's standards, such an arrangement of the "spare wheel" somewhat reduces the level passive safety a car that Tavria has is not too big anyway.

Unlike all the "Cossacks", which had four-cylinder V-engines air cooling, "Tavria" was equipped with a MeMZ-245 engine - a liquid-cooled in-line "four" with an overhead camshaft, its working volume was 1.091 liters, and its power was 48 liters. The engine is located in engine compartment, in front of the body, transversely, with a back slope of 10 degrees Structurally, the motor is tied into a compact power unit, which also includes a clutch mechanism, gearbox and final drive. The camshaft and cooling system pump drives are produced by a flat-toothed belt.

The clutch is dry, single-disk, with an elastic driven disk, equipped with a torsional vibration damper and with a diaphragm pressure spring. The clutch control drive from the pedal to the fork is cable-operated.

Gearbox - mechanical, five-speed, with the fourth and fifth gears - accelerating gearboxes are made in the same crankcase with the main gear. The crankcase is cast from magnesium alloy and has external ribs that increase its rigidity.

The main gear consists of a pair of cylindrical helical gears The differential box is cast, cast iron The drive of the front wheels is carried out by two articulated shafts, each of which is a unit consisting of two hinges of equal angular velocities - external and internal.

The front suspension of the Tavria is classic for cars of this type, independent, of the McPherson type (“swinging candle”) with shock absorbers, each of which has a spring and a compression buffer, which are elastic suspension elements. By the way, this suspension at one time became the main almost for all front-wheel drive vehicles developed by the Soviet automobile industry.

The rear suspension is semi-independent, linkage, with a connecting cross member made in the form of a low-alloy steel beam, which, in addition, is an anti-roll bar when the vehicle is moving. Brackets are welded to the beam, with the help of which the suspension is pivotally attached to the body with the help of silent blocks. Hydraulic shock absorbers - double-acting telescopic type - they are arranged in almost the same way as front suspension shock absorbers.

Many unconventional solutions were used in the design of the machine. One of the main ones is the arrangement of hub units, in which diskless wheels are used, which made it possible to reduce the so-called unsprung masses.

The wheels themselves consist of stamped rings and rims welded to them with a bore diameter of 13 inches (330 mm). Each of the wheels is fastened with three studs using three nuts with conical bearing surfaces: the front ones to the hubs and the rear ones to the brake drum.

The original design of the front disc brakes, which have a disc-ring with an internal circumference of the brake caliper, also contributes to a decrease in the unsprung weight. The brakes of the rear wheels are drum brakes.

The steering mechanism is a rack and pinion type, which has increased reliability and contributes to a good perception of the road by the driver.

The engine ignition system is battery operated, non-contact, Rated voltage 12 V It consists of a distributor sensor, a commutator, a coil, spark plugs and high-voltage connecting wires. The power supply circuit of the primary winding of the coil is interrupted by an electronic switch controlled by an electronic microswitch in the ignition distributor sensor.

1 - headlight switch; 2 - turn signal switch; 3 - sun visor; 4 - instrument cluster; 5 - sound signal; 6 - control of the wiper and glass washer; 7 - mirror; 8 - steering wheel; 9, 11 - deflector shutter controls; 10 - radio; 12 - heater tap control; 13 - ashtray; 14 - glove box; 15 - gearshift lever; 16 - heater air distributor; 17- parking brake; 18 - gas pedal; 19 - heater fan control; 20 - outdoor lighting switch; 21 - brake pedal; 22 - management air damper carburetor (suction); 23 - connector for connecting a carrying lamp; 24 - clutch pedal; 25 - hood latch handle; 26 - ignition switch; 27 - alarm button.

1 - upper support of the telescopic rack; 2 - suspension spring; 3 - compression buffer; 4 - telescopic stand; 5 - lower suspension arm; 6 - wheel; 7 - drive shaft with CV joint; 8 - ring-type brake disc.

1 - wheel; 2 - rear suspension arm; 3 - beam; 4 - spring; 5 - shock absorber; 6 - hub.

1 - speedometer; 2 - control lamp high beam; 3 - a control lamp of malfunction of brake system; 4 - lamp-repeater of direction indicators; 5 - fuel gauge; 6 - thermometer of the cooling system; 7 - battery control lamp; 8 - control lamp emergency pressure oils.

Ergonomics driver's seat- at the level modern cars of this class, and the design dashboard although extremely simplified, it is quite convenient for the driver to see Both on the highway and on city streets, the car behaves well Small dimensions, good visibility and quite decent maneuverability and throttle response allow the driver to feel on an equal footing with the owners of other cars, and the good ”and a wide range of adjustments of the front seats allow him to cover considerable distances along suburban highways in one go without fatigue.

Thanks to the driving front wheels, the Tavria has a fairly high directional stability and good handling characteristics - even on slippery roads.

One of the main elements active safety the car is a dual-circuit brake drive with a diagonal piping scheme. Passive safety is ensured by the body structure, due to which, in the event of an accident, the impact energy is absorbed and the specified space in the cabin is preserved. In addition, the car is equipped with inertial seat belts, soft upholstery of the body pillars, energy-intensive bumpers made of impact-resistant modified polypropylene, safety steering column and windshield made of three-layer triplex.

It is interesting that the Tavria inherited quite decent cross-country ability from the Cossacks - it behaves well on a country road due to its high ground clearance, small overhangs and a smooth bottom.

When driving "Tavria" on country roads, the engine consumes only 4.8 liters of fuel per 100 km (at 90 km / h), and on city streets - 7.2 liters. By the way, the maximum speed of "Tavria" is 132 km / h, and acceleration time of the car to a speed of 100 km / h - 24 s.

Serial production of the ZAZ-1102 model began in 1987, and six years later the plant mastered another modification of the car, called the ZAZ-1105 Tavria (later it was renamed Dana). the same power unit and the same chassis.

Serial production of the next incarnation of Tavria, the ZAZ-1103 Slavuta hatchback, designed with the participation of specialists from the Korean company Daewoo, began in 1997. Although the car received a new 1.3-liter engine with a capacity of 63 hp, its design was compared with ZAZ-1102 has not changed too much True, unlike the "Tavria", in standard equipment luxury modification car (ZAZ-110308-01 Slavuta) includes vacuum booster brakes, central locking, front electric windows, heating rear window, radio and four speakers, as well as an air duct for heating the legs of the rear passengers.

In profile, the car can be mistaken for a sedan, but there is not a trunk lid at the back, but a fifth door, so formally the Slavuta is still a hatchback (sometimes such hybrid bodies are called a liftback).

The cabin capacity has not changed compared to the Tavria - four adults in the Slavuta are also cramped, but in the 2 + 2 option (two adults and two children), the car is quite comfortable.

The instrument panel has not changed much and the speedometer readings are still easy to read. However, the driver still lacks a tachometer. True, the appearance of the so-called econometer, which allows you to choose the most economical pace of movement, pleases.

The gear ratios of the gearbox are well chosen, which allows the car to accelerate to “hundreds” in 17.1 s. It is interesting that after 80 km / h the car “asks” to turn on fifth gear. top speed, then, according to the testers, it’s better not to move at the 150 km / h declared by the factory - already at 145 km / h a light car begins to literally slide over the road. So the maximum that you can afford on a decent highway is 120 km / h It is at this speed that the econometer needle indicates the optimal fuel consumption - about 6.5 l / 100 km.

If the reader is faced with the question of acquiring Slavuta, then, according to experts, you need to think hard here. The fact is that this car was designed very well, but here is the assembly After a run of 1500 km after purchasing the car, the owner will have to carry out TO-1 - the machine needs to broach the chassis, cylinder heads, adjust valves, change the oil in the engine and gearbox and replace the air and oil filters - all this will cost the buyer a lot. However, in the future repair work for a somewhat technically savvy car enthusiast, they will not turn out to be unnecessarily complicated - the car is very simple and maintainable. Except that it is quite difficult to find spare parts in Russian stores. However, the prices of Slavuta and the VAZ classics are quite comparable, and the ZAZ-110Z compared to the VAZ-2105 looks not as modern.

On the basis of ZAZ-1102, the plant produces cars "Tavria." models ZAZ-110206, ZAZ-11022, ZAZ-11021 and ZAZ-11024. ‘
Model ZAZ-110206 is a modification of the base model for export.

Model ZAZ-11022- modernized car. The ZAZ-11021 model differs from the ZAZ-11022 in a modified instrument panel, a four-spoke steering wheel, a two-lever multifunction switch under the steering wheel and additional equipment increasing the comfort and safety of the car. Description, controls and features of the device of this car is given at the end of the manual.
Model ZAZ-11024- a utility vehicle, which differs from ZAZ-11022 in a modified back door or a modified rear door and welded-in end caps for the side windows. A description of the features of the device of this car is given at the end of the manual.
These models, depending on the version, may have different configurations.
"Tavria"- four-seater comfortable high-speed modern minicar - has a front engine and front wheel drive.
The front-wheel drive layout with a transverse engine, used for the first time on cars of an especially small class, made it possible to increase the size of the passenger compartment, to have a two-volume, easily transformable luggage compartment in the passenger and cargo-passenger version.
The compact powertrain consists of an in-line four-cylinder carburetor engine liquid cooling, dry single plate clutch with diaphragm spring, five-speed gearbox gears and cylindrical final drive.
The use of a toothed belt in the drive of the gas distribution mechanism and an improved carburetor made it possible to reduce engine noise, increase its efficiency and reduce exhaust gas toxicity.
The drive is carried out on the front steered wheels by shafts with hinges of equal angular speeds.
The front suspension has spring elastic elements and telescopic suspension struts"swinging candle" type. The rear suspension with spring elastic elements and a common stabilizing cross member does not require adjustment of the wheel alignment. Both suspensions have no lubrication points.
The rack and pinion steering mechanism significantly improves maneuverability and makes driving easier.
double circuit brake system with a diagonal hydraulic drive, disc brakes of the front wheels with a floating caliper, rear - drum brakes with automatic adjustment of the gaps between the pads and drums meet modern safety requirements.
Wheels - disk, are closed by plastic decorative caps.
Tires - radial, low profile.
The body of the car is three-door, has a shape that meets modern requirements of aesthetics and aerodynamics.
Heating and ventilation create comfortable conditions in different climates.
Fabrics made of artificial fibers and plastics are widely used for interior trim.
It should be noted that a number of large body parts are made of plastics.
The high performance of the car, its reliability and minimum labor intensity of maintenance largely depend on compliance with the rules of operation and care for it.
The vehicle is intended for operation on improved roads with a capital surface, which is in good condition.
Engine design using appropriate winter oils provides its reliable start-up at a temperature of minus 25 °C (248 K).
The factory reserves the right to make changes to the design of the car aimed at improving it, which may not be covered in the manual.