An ATV is actually any four-wheeled vehicle, since in Latin "quadro" - "four", In the vastness of the CIS, this name most often means all-wheel drive, representing a symbiosis of a motorcycle and a car. From a motorcycle, an ATV took over mobility, maneuverability, lightness, speed, and from a car - excellent cross-country ability, power and controllability. The result is a unique vehicle designed for a variety of purposes.

The domestic market provides only foreign models of ATVs, the cost of which is often sky-high. At the same time, on secondary market transport, you can easily find used motorcycles and cars at an extremely low price.

For example, the Ural motorcycle - large, bulky, heavy and "gluttonous" has an excellent four-stroke engine with reverse gear and is worth every penny. For this reason, it is much cheaper and more interesting for enthusiasts to create their own designs of these SUVs.

A typical factory representative of ATVs - shiny, neatly assembled, strong and powerful.

His home-made counterpart, which is slightly inferior in appearance, and even more so in terms of power.

How to make an ATV with your own hands

Before starting the assembly, it is necessary to compile a detailed list of units and parts that will be needed to create your own offspring, develop a work plan and design drawing.

Engine: the best choice

It is logical that, first of all, it is necessary to find the "heart" of the future "beast" - the power unit. Absolutely anyone will do, from a conventional walk-behind tractor to a six-liter V12 - there are such precedents. In most cases, motorcycle engines are used - they are economical and small-sized.

To use high gear ratios under normal operating conditions, a Minsk or Ural engine will suffice. In summer, the question of overheating arises, so you should choose models with air-cooled. Another good option is boxer engines Soviet-made, an indisputable plus of which is powerful traction and a completely unpretentious driveline.

Suspensions: back and front

There are two most common solutions rear suspension for a quad bike.

1. Reduction-cardan system. The design turns out to be as lightweight and simple as possible, but there is no differential, which, in principle, can be sacrificed for the sake of the previously named advantages.
2. Use of a road bridge. The design turns out to be extremely heavy, and if there is no desire to have an ATV with an automobile base, it is necessary to shorten the bridge, which is a very non-trivial task. Of the pluses, it is worth highlighting only the presence of a differential, which is useful when moving along the tracks.

There are huge possibilities for front suspension and steering. ATV suspension arms carry a significantly lower load than automobile ones, respectively, they can be made independently using improvised means for this. The best option- creation of a suspension on the basis of the existing motorcycle "Ural".

Frame: drawings and alternative

The best solution is a solid construction of pipes or profiles welded together.

Ideal - remove the frame from the donor motorcycle and weld it up necessary elements- this eliminates a number of problems, but the design may turn out to be unnecessarily complex.

ATV assembly

Having prepared necessary tools, donor vehicles and freeing up time, you can start creating your own ATV:

Thanks to a reliable, time-tested design, excellent power and traction, it is the Ural motorcycle that is the most popular donor for homemade ATVs.

Video clip: "Wasp" 4x4

The video below describes the design of a homemade ATV, its characteristics, properties and features.

Photo review

Photos of ATVs on the base domestic motorcycles and cars:

As can be seen using outdated and inexpensive advances Soviet car industry, you can create amazing vehicles that will amuse your pride and satisfy most transport tasks.

An ATV from the store is a pleasure not available to everyone. Therefore, many craftsmen make quadrics with their own hands. And in this article we will talk about the most interesting of them.

In the matter of manufacturing an ATV, everything that can be found in the garage and nearby can come in handy. Each do-it-yourself vehicle is unique and individual, so it is difficult to talk about drawings and diagrams.

Few people describe in detail the process of building their offspring, which makes it extremely difficult to find specific information. But there are exceptions.

How to make an ATV with your own hands

in 2012, the talented designer S. Pletnev shared the drawings and nuances of building his brainchild.

What was used in the design of the vehicle:

• Front and rear wheels from Niva Chevrolet 15 inches
• Engine a-m Oka
• Gearbox Oka
• Interaxal gearboxes from rear axles VAZ "classics"
• SHRUS from the car VAZ-2108, 12 pcs
• Fuel tank from a 20l canister
• Passenger support from Oka's headrest
• Clutch from Oka
• Steering wheel from a motorcycle Ural»
• Instrument panel from Oka car

The main technical characteristics of the ATV:

ATV drawings:

The transmission is made from AvtoVAZ units with some modifications. For example, to reduce speed and increase torque instead of main couple chain drive was used.

The interwheel gearboxes are borrowed from the classics, the axle shafts are removed and replaced with CV joints from front wheel drive vase. Equal velocity joints are also used in other transmission units.

Suspension independent on triangular cross-links. Shock absorbers from Oka.

Silencer homemade of 2 sections, insulated with asbestos.

The body kit is made of fiberglass. The creation of such plastic took 10 kg of epoxy resin, 1 kg of plasticizer and the same amount of hardener. 15 meters of fiberglass and 5 meters of glass mat.

ATV body kit - fiberglass. I pasted it for the first time, and therefore first studied the recommendations for the implementation of the relevant work. But as it turned out - this process is painstaking, although the result is worth it.

Bumpers and bumpers are welded from 20mm round tubes.

Photo of the finished ATV:

Material based on the article: http://modelist-konstruktor.com/razrabotki/853

ATV from a motorcycle

This quadric is made on the basis of the Ural motorcycle.

All details in the video.

ATV with motor IZH Jupiter. Razdatka from the motorcycle Ant.

ATV Cobra MIX

Generator, forced cooling, lowering, electric starter from dozens, engine from a Ural motorcycle.

Video of a homemade ATV in action:

Homemade buggy "Raptor"

Homemade ATV with an engine from Oka

At first glance, it may seem that assembling a homemade ATV is not an easy task. In fact, everything is much simpler than it seems, with the necessary parts and tools. An all-terrain vehicle of this type is usually constructed from parts that can be found on any unused motorcycle that is in decent working order.

Required set of tools

To assemble the device with your own hands, you may need the following tools:

Welding machine.

Bulgarian.

Good set of ring and socket wrenches.

Other small tools like pliers and screwdrivers.

To assemble an ATV, you will need a small room with good lighting and heating. If you assemble in the summer, you can sit under a canopy.

Engine and transmission

As power unit for a home-made all-terrain vehicle, engines from Soviet-made motorcycles such as the Ural or Dnepr are suitable. For lighter and more maneuverable equipment, you can use units from motorcycles such as "Java" or "IZH", which were equipped with single-cylinder two-stroke engines.

To simplify the design of the future ATV, along with the engine, it is better to use the same transmission and drive that they were originally equipped with. To build a machine with all-wheel drive you will need to install an additional gearbox. This is extremely rarely used in home-made devices, since it will be difficult to implement an additional node without a sharp increase in weight at home.

Frame and suspension

The frame for a homemade apparatus is usually made independently from scratch. As a material for the frame, you can use blanks from an old motorcycle. The pipes from which they are made are light in weight and have the necessary strength and flexibility. In extreme cases, you can choose the material yourself. Here the main parameter will be weight. Excessively thick pipes or profiles will make the ATV very heavy and unbearable for fast and maneuverable riding.

As a suspension, you can use shock absorbers with springs from the same motorcycles. The suspension itself is made in the form of the letter "A", and is movably fixed on the frame. Shock absorbers and springs should be selected in such a way that they can withstand the weight of the future machine, and provide smooth ride with good handling on bumps and pits.

Steering and wheels

The steering can partially be used as a motorcycle, with the addition of two-wheel drive. The drive is carried out by adding levers and ball joints to the design, which can be borrowed from the car. The main task of steering is precise and comfortable steering.

Wheels for an all-terrain vehicle are best used from a car, as they are wider and will increase the maneuverability of the vehicle. The diameter of the wheels must be calculated in such a way that a home-made ATV can develop sufficient speed, and also have a harmonious appearance.

Body and electronics

For installation attachments, gas tank and controls, you can use a frame from a motorcycle, which is structurally connected to the frame of an ATV. In this case, special attention should be paid to the stability of the all-terrain vehicle, its appearance and the convenience of the driver.

Do not forget about installing all the necessary lighting and outdoor signaling devices on a homemade ATV. headlights, rear lights and the direction indicators could well be used from the same motorcycle that everything else was taken from.

See what a homemade ATV is in action!

An ATV is a four-wheeled hybrid of a motorcycle and a tractor, a vehicle that is equally successful in both agriculture and recreation. A few years ago, a Russian person considered an ATV a foreign curiosity. And today he is able to independently design and manufacture it. In addition, today it is home-made ATVs, and not factory ones, that are much more common in Russia today. Next, we will try to figure out why it happens this way and not otherwise.

Do-it-yourself ATV - a common occurrence

Every day there are more and more daredevils who decide to create an ATV from improvised means and parts of old Soviet motorcycles. Naturally, self-made vehicles differ significantly from the factory characteristics. And often it is more powerful, but economical. The mass of a homemade ATV usually does not exceed 300 kilograms, which also greatly facilitates its operation.

Names and essence of the main stages of creating an ATV

Final stage and finishing works

The final step in creating a homemade ATV is the installation of seats and headlights. In this case, anti-theft headlights are the ideal choice, because the ATV must be suitable for use in any weather. Particular attention should be paid to the number of seats on the ATV and decide whether this seat is for the driver only or for the driver and passenger.

Finishing work when creating an ATV consists in sheathing the resulting structure with metal and painting.

ATVs designed on the basis of "Oka"

For 20 years (from 1988 to 2008) in the vastness of our boundless homeland, one of the most common cars was the domestic Oka (VAZ-1111, SeAZ-11116). To date, "Oka" is one of the most popular options for vehicles, on the basis of which home-made ATVs are created. In the manufacture of ATVs, an engine, gearbox, wheels and other auxiliary parts are usually used. this vehicle. The direct assembly and construction of the ATV based on the Oka car is carried out in accordance with the drawings created by experienced designers. The defining moment when creating an ATV is the formulation of the purpose of its use. Based on this, the future owner of the ATV chooses one of the two existing options for the Oka engine (35 hp and 53 hp).

ATVs designed on the basis of the motorcycle "Ural"

At the moment, a few decades ago, domestic Urals, popular in Russia, have been replaced by much more nimble and economical foreign models. In this regard, many in the garages still have a recent best "friend" standing idle and rotting. But not a single Russian person is able to allow good to be wasted in vain. Therefore, "Urals" are increasingly being used to create a relatively new type of transport for a Russian person. This motorcycle is unanimously recognized craftsmen the optimal basis for creating an ATV. Homemade ATVs from it are an order of magnitude more economical and have more traction power than their factory counterparts.

The creation of an ATV based on the "Ural" consists of two stages: the design of the rear and front. The use of the Ural gearbox when creating the rear of the ATV will provide the design not only strength, lightness, but also simplicity. As a result, the finished tool will not be equipped with a differential, which, in essence, can be sacrificed in the name of reducing the time spent on its creation. As for designing the front of the future vehicle, then it will take much more time and effort than the previous stage. Most of the work is fine-tuning the ATV's front arms. This is due to the fact that they should be less rigid than those of a car, but more powerful than motorcycle ones.

ATVs constructed from scooters

A scooter (scooter) - a light motorcycle with an engine located under the seat - is an ideal option on the basis of which you can create a homemade ATV. A vehicle created by craftsmen based on a scooter is a great alternative to the best factory copies.

It is extremely economical in terms of fuel consumption and at the same time has such qualities necessary for an ATV as mobility, light weight and relatively considerable load capacity. Features of creating an ATV from a scooter are that the frame, engine, power supply and ignition system must be transferred from the same device. But as fuel tank the future vehicle should be a motorcycle tank, not a scooter tank, since it has a significantly larger capacity. rear and front axle the design is likely to borrow from a cargo scooter, the suspension from the shock absorber of a large motorcycle, and the control from the Oka or any domestic motorcycle.

ATVs, designed on the basis of the scooter "Ant"

For 36 years Soviet factory"Tulmash" organized the production of scooters "Ant". In total, over the years, 8 models have been produced, differing in the volume of the gas tank and engine power. Today the scooter "Ant" - perfect option bases for creating an ATV with your own hands. In order to convert the "Ant" into an ATV, you should perform some fairly simple steps: redesign the frame a little, work on reinstalling the seatposts, and so on. special attention, long efforts and time will require the installation of the steering wheel and brakes of the future ATV. When constructing homemade ATVs, it is strongly not recommended to use a previously used brake system. It will be much safer to buy a new one. In the same time steering system can also be used from the old scooter "Ant" or the car "Oka". The final step in creating an ATV from the Ant scooter is the installation of turn signals, headlights and stops.

instead of a conclusion. Why do many people prefer not factory, but self-made ATVs?

Homemade ATV, in comparison with serial factory, is much more economic, easy and comfortable in operation.

When assembling a vehicle with his own hands, the owner takes into account his taste preferences and functionality requirements.

By assembling an ATV on his own, the master has the opportunity to produce Finishing work(sheathing, painting, tuning, the presence / absence of pleasant things), based on your wishes.

How to make an ATV with your own hands is a difficult and responsible task, but feasible for a master who has perfectly mastered welding and turning. The efforts and time spent are paid off not only with great savings, but also with the result - an exclusive, author's model of a quadric, which no one else has.

The features of assembling a homemade vehicle are highly dependent on the chosen base - the engine and other elements that are used by the craftsman.

6 the best options basics ("donor") for setting out on how to make an ATV.

1. Motorcycle "Ural".
2. Motorcycle "Izh".
3. Motor scooter "Ant".
4. Another scooter (scooter).
5. Niva car.
6. Oka car.

Most often, some structural elements are taken from a motorcycle, others from a car.

In addition to parts (accessories) for a quadric, its creator will need:

• assembly "shop" - in this capacity, a fairly spacious garage, equipped with good heating and lighting, will come in handy;
• a set of equipment and tools;
• blueprints.

You may also be interested in our specialist's article, which tells how to make.

Preparation for work, tools and equipment

First of all, you need to carefully consider when, where and for what purposes the future ATV will be used - hunting and fishing, motorcycle walks in nature, transportation of goods, and others. It is on this basis that it is necessary to make a choice of a “donor” vehicle, having decided how powerful the engine is needed, what kind of suspension is suitable, what kind of trunk, etc.

Drawings can be taken from the Internet ready-made, compiled from scratch on your own, or you can combine both options and be ready to redo it at your discretion.

List of required tools:

• welding machine;
• Bulgarian;
• drill;
• keys set;
• various small tools - calipers, hammers, knives, screwdrivers, pliers, etc.

For self-manufacturing The frame will also require pipe bending equipment. In the absence of it, you can rent it or give the necessary work "for outsourcing" to another craftsman. Only with remarkable dexterity can pipes be bent manually by heating the place of the bend with a gas cutter or a burner.

Quad components:

• engine;
• frame;
• rear and front suspension;
• steering;
• brake system;
• cooling system;
• muffler;
• electrical equipment - battery, headlights;
• hull, bodywork.

The muffler is quite possible to make yourself. Everything else is to buy used parts on the shadow market.

Parts selection

ATV frame

Depending on the "donor" and the design of the quadric, the frame will either have to be made by yourself, or you can reconstruct a finished, used one.

The most important thing is that along the frame the engine is securely bolted to the bottom, which can be located both in front and behind. Also firmly, in order to avoid play, the transmission and drive should be attached to the frame.

As a material, ordinary water and gas pipes are suitable, with a wall thickness of not more than 3 mm:

• for spars - 25 mm;
• for crossbars and struts - 20 mm.

Pipes are connected by spot welding, then integral welding is carried out. Ears for attaching shock absorbers and levers are welded to the frame immediately. Brackets - in the process of mounting units and assemblies.

Reconstruction of an existing frame

To reconstruct the finished frame, you should remove everything, leaving the frame, dismantle the back and build up the front. Then weld the elements for fastening a complete set of components and assemblies of the ATV. When reconstructing the motorcycle frame, the seatposts should be moved 40 - 45 cm.

The front and rear trunks are cut out of a metal sheet and welded to the frame. In conclusion, the finished frame is painted, varnishing is not necessary.

Engine

The engine is suitable from a car, motorcycle or scooter. Some "Lefty" even construct an ATV from a walk-behind tractor with their own hands, as newer models are equipped with four-stroke engines, the power of which for heavy devices reaches 15 "horses" - against 11 hp. "Ant".

The engine compares favorably with a scooter due to its low fuel consumption, besides, the scooter-based quadric is the lightest, which makes it easy to pull it out when it gets stuck in mud and sand. But a quadric needs a more powerful engine to transport goods and / or drive off-road.

The power of the engine "Izh-1", "Izh-2" and "Izh Jupiter" - 24 hp, the old "Ural" - 32 or 36 hp, the two-cylinder engine of the old "Oka" - 35 hp. , a three-cylinder machine of a later release - 53.

To travel in hot weather, an ATV needs a cooled engine. Cooling was not installed on old motorcycles, so you have to pick it up (it will fit, for example, from a VAZ 2108) and install it.

The suspension can be used both rear and front. The easiest way is to take the front from the motorcycle.

2 rear suspension options:

1. The rear axle of the car, shortened to fit the dimensions of the quadric. The advantage is the presence of a differential. The disadvantage is that the design will come out heavier.
2. Cardan-reducer design - with a gearbox mounted on the rear axle.

Please note: ATV requires independent suspension with high ground clearance.

Suspension arms are bolted to the frame through rubber-metal hinges - silent blocks.

The tilt of the front suspension strut is mandatory, otherwise the ATV may roll over.

Shock absorbers are suitable from Izh, but if the budget allows you to purchase gas-oil pumps, the driver will be able to adjust the suspension according to road conditions.

Steering and chassis

The steering system of an ATV can be either based on an automobile - with a steering wheel, or with a motorcycle steering wheel. Some craftsmen combine both types: motorcycle steering wheel, lever and shaft - at the top, automobile tie rods - at the bottom. Together with the steering wheel of a motorcycle, it is advisable to immediately take a fuel tank.

A homemade steering shaft is made from a 20 mm pipe with walls up to 3 mm. A stroke limiter must be placed below.

In the manufacture of a quadric based on a car, it is better to replace a gear pair with a chain drive. This will greatly simplify and reduce the cost of maintenance.

The input shafts from the gearbox must be able to be directed directly to the rear and front axles.

Wheels are most often taken from small-sized VAZs (“Okas” or “Nivas”) and are shod with rubber corresponding to the operating conditions (weather, terrain, etc.). Brake system selected depending on the wheels. steering knuckles- also from Niva or Oka.

Four-wheel drive

If you prefer a four-wheel drive vehicle, you need car steering, differentials, and a manual transmission drive.

The existing frame will not work in this case; a new one should be welded to fit the engine size.

Suspensions, like the steering system, must be taken from the car. On the front, it is necessary to provide a place for installing the gearbox.

Installing an all-wheel drive model requires not only special craftsman skills, but also additional labor costs. Alternative option- to buy a ready-made all-wheel drive unit - it costs money.

Frame

Making the body is far from the easiest stage in the story, called: "how to assemble an ATV with your own hands." Suitable materials are fiberglass and fiberglass, it is easier to make a body kit from the second.

First you need to draw, cut and build from pieces of durable foam, glued or fastened with mounting foam, the “blank” of the body. Then - apply several layers of fiberglass to it, smearing each with epoxy and inserting metal fasteners between them to attach the body to the frame. In conclusion, dry the body thoroughly, then prime, sand and paint.