Homemade agricultural machinery for farmers. Homemade mini tractor for the household

In any LPH or KFH, you can find various types of equipment that are used to facilitate labor and increase its productivity. Mini equipment for a personal farmstead is used for cultivating the land, caring for livestock and poultry. With its help, crops and fertilizers are transported.

Not every farmer has enough financial resources to buy equipment that has big power. In a personal courtyard, you have to manage with small forces. Properly selected mini equipment is able to perform wide range agricultural work. She may be:

portable;
pedestrian;
riding;
stationary.

Portable equipment refers to a mechanized tool that is held by hand, hung on the shoulders or mounted on road wheels. The power of such devices does not exceed 3 kW. This is approximately 4 hp.

Pedestrian equipment - motor blocks, motor cultivators, motor mowers, motor cultivators, etc. It is driven by hand pull. The power of this type of equipment can reach 10 kW or about 13 hp.

The power of riding equipment reaches 18 kW or 22 hp. This group includes mini tractors of traction class 0.2 and walk-behind tractors with a trailed trolley.

Stationary equipment - sprayers, pumping stations, etc. Device power up to 10 kW. This is 13 hp.

minitractor

The basis of the line of mini-tractors on Russian market presents equipment of Belarusian, Chinese, and South Korean manufacturers. A small part of it is made up of European, American and Japanese brands. The latest types of equipment have not received wide popularity among Russian farmers due to the complexity and high cost of maintenance.

Domestic manufacturers are represented on the market of mini tractors by equipment, which is a product of a large-assembly famous brands. Most of all, Russian farmers buy mini-tractors made in China. In recent years, their build quality has improved significantly. For them, the country has created a good technical base where repairs and maintenance are carried out.

Rules for choosing a mini tractor

When choosing any type of equipment, each buyer is guided by their financial capabilities. They define the boundary of possibility, within which they select a suitable mini tractor. There are a number of criteria that help you make the right choice. It is important to choose the best option for yourself and not overpay extra amounts for it.

Before buying a mini tractor, determine the list of works on which it is planned to use it. This helps to determine the required power equipment. Budget mini-tractors with a power of 16-20 hp can handle the processing of small plots of land. Other options to consider when buying include:

type and consumption of fuel;
type of drive;
shaft speed.

Only four-wheel drive allows the mini-tractor to move freely through the fields. The heavier the equipment, the more stable it is. A prerequisite for the purchase is a test drive. The technique must be easy to manage. Everything modern models mini tractors have steering. People who know how to drive cars easily master this technique.

Each mini tractor has special attachments for attachments. It is better to buy it complete with the main equipment. This will avoid further problems of docking various nodes. You need to buy a mini-tractor from trusted manufacturers.

Which mini tractor is better to buy: characteristics, capabilities

When purchasing a mini tractor, expert advice or reviews from other buyers will never be superfluous.

Table. The best-selling minitractors in Russia

mini tractor model	Characteristics	Peculiarities
	Diesel engine power 22 hp Max speed 27.35 km/h. Capacity fuel tank 8 l. Rear wheel drive transmission. The turning radius of the front wheels is 3.9 m. Gearbox - 6 gears. The engine is started with an electric starter. Weight without attachments 960 kg.	The minitractor is assembled in Russia from non-native parts. This does not reduce the degree of reliability of its work.
	Diesel engine power 24 hp Weight without attachments 1040 kg. Rear wheel drive transmission. The gearbox has 8 steps. The engine is started with an electric starter	Minitractor without closed cab. Full Chinese assembly.
	Fuel tank capacity 6 l. Diesel engine power 22 hp Rear wheel drive transmission. Gearbox - 6 steps.	The minitractor is assembled in Russia under a Chinese license.

Motor cultivators and motor blocks

Motor cultivators and motor blocks have much in common. Their main difference is power. For motoblocks, it is much higher. The equipment can run on electricity and liquid fuel. Its main purpose is the cultivation of the land. The favorites of sales in Russia are the models of German manufacturers. Following them in this segment of agricultural machinery are Japanese and American brands.

Unlike mini tractors, motoblocks and motor cultivators have a relatively small weight. When choosing equipment of this class, pay attention to the type of their engine. For processing land plots remote from an electric power source, equipment running on gasoline or diesel fuel is suitable. You can cultivate the land near the house on a motor cultivator and motor blocks powered by electricity.

When buying walk-behind tractors, you need to pay attention to their power and weight. The manufactured equipment is divided into 3 classes, each of which is designed for certain working conditions:

DIY agricultural machinery

In any farm there is always an improvised material suitable for the manufacture of agricultural machinery. Engineering knowledge and design skills will always find application in the subsidiary farm. For example, they will help turn a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor.

Step-by-step instructions for converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor

A big disadvantage of walk-behind tractors is manual traction. It is offset by prices that are lower than the cost of mini tractors. Skillful hands in a short time they are able to turn a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor with minimal cost. The process of reworking a walk-behind tractor begins with the preparation of calculations and design drawings. In the absence of design experience, it is better to use other people's developments.

Step 1. A frame and a body for a minitractor are welded from metal sheets, profiled pipes and a corner. Their mass must be calculated taking into account the power of the engine. If the design uses a walk-behind tractor with a powerful unit, then in its device you can use car trailers. Two-wheeled carts are best suited for adapting a walk-behind tractor to a minitractor.

During the manufacture of the frame, it is necessary to provide for fastening devices for hanging equipment. Special holes are made along the contour of the frame for the future installation of cab and body elements.

Step 2. Component parts are selected for the prepared frame of the future mini tractor. Motorists for these purposes can find many useful things in the garage. From a VAZ passenger car, you can take pedal control units and a drum brake for the drive wheels. For a penny, the necessary parts can be found at car showdowns.

Step 3. Mounting bridges
Knots are assembled from various elements. You can take them from the old cars or agricultural technology. Independently bridges are made from:

The rear axle can be used from an old UAZ. It will need to be shortened slightly. Short axle shafts are suitable for a shortened version of the rear axle.

Step 4 Installing the wheels

When choosing wheels for a mini tractor, you need to take into account the fact that they have a direct impact on the controllability of the equipment. Too much big wheels when making a turn, they force the driver to make great efforts to control the equipment. Small wheels bury the tractor in the ground. Optimal size wheels for the front axle - 12-14 inches.

Tires on a mini tractor must be installed with lugs. They significantly increase the maneuverability of equipment.

Step 5. Installing the control system and the driver's seat

Control systems begin to be made after the installation of the chassis. Wheel in the installation sequence follows the installation of the driver's seat. It adjusts the height of the steering wheel. It should not hamper the driver when driving equipment.

Step 6. Installing the engine and body

Installing the engine and debugging its operation are the final stages of assembling a minitractor. The installation of the engine is started after the undercarriage is assembled. The unit is installed on a special plate. It should have grooves for fastening. After installing the engine, the electrical circuit is installed and the steering system and dashboard are connected.

At the final stage of converting a walk-behind tractor into a minitractor, the cab lining is done.

Video - Converting a walk-behind tractor into a mini tractor

What can you make an irrigation system for the garden

Watering plants in the garden can be attributed to time-consuming work. It takes a lot of time and physical effort. You can make it easier for yourself to care for the garden by making an irrigation system from improvised materials. The design of the system depends on the water source. It could be:

Water intake from a well, natural reservoirs and tanks is carried out using a pump. The best option pump for the garden - "Kid". Him:

For drip irrigation of plants in the garden, hoses with holes are laid. Water from them should fall under the root of the plant. When taking water for irrigation from the water supply, the hoses are connected to the faucet. If a pump is used, the hoses are connected to its outlet nozzle.

Among the advantages of drip irrigation:

saving water consumption;
mechanization of manual labor.

You can read more about the manufacture of equipment for watering the garden in.

What can an old washing machine in the backyard be useful for?

Never rush to scrap an old washing machine. From it you can make various devices for farming. For example, adapt it for washing vegetables. To do this, the machine is installed above the drainage system. It acts as a local sewer. Vegetables are loaded into the laundry hatch. Water is supplied to the machine using a portable hose. The waste water flows out by gravity washing machine in drainage system. This system of washing vegetables works on the principle of a colander.

From an old washing machine, you can make an original flower bed, barbecue or smokehouse. The drum and electric motor are used to make grass grinders, grain grinders and other devices.

Bulgarian circular

The easiest way to turn a grinder into a saw is to replace the standard disc with one designed for wood. Such a device has a limited scope. It can cut laths or thin bars. A protective cover is put on the grinder. The handle is made a continuation of the body.

A miter saw is required for crosscutting lumber. You can make it from a grinder by fixing the tool on a swivel bar. A circular saw is used to cut large quantities of lumber. With its help, you can cut a board or a bar of any size. Making a circular saw requires some knowledge. The saw blade on a circular saw is fixed on a table mounted on a frame. For its manufacture, a 50 * 50 corner is used.

The saw table is made from plywood or board. The control button and switch are moved to the side. You can figure out how to make a circular grinder with the help of a video.

Video - How to make a circular grinder

Homemade for the garden

The fantasy of gardeners knows no bounds. From improvised materials, they make a variety of devices that facilitate their work in the field, garden or garden.

Long-term storage of the root crop requires compliance with certain storage conditions. After digging, the potatoes are sorted, cleaned of dirt and dried from excess moisture. It is better to store tubers in boxes. In such a container, natural ventilation of the potato occurs, which significantly reduces the percentage of its decay.

For the manufacture of the box, slats 15 * 20, a bar 40 * 40 or 50 * 50, plywood with a thickness of 8-10 mm are used.

Grape press

You can make a press yourself from a barrel, a filtration mesh and a screw mechanism. You can replace the barrel with a mesh cylinder, in a screw mechanism with a conventional jack. When using a barrel, its sides are expanded due to slots that are made between the side rails. The width of the slots is 2-3 mm. The barrel is installed on a frame made of a metal profile welded especially for it. The grapes are placed in a barrel, which is closed with a lid having a diameter corresponding to the internal size of the container.

With the help of a screw mechanism or a jack, pressure is applied to the cover. Under its action, the grapes give juice, which flows out of the barrel through the cracks. To collect it, a collection tray is installed under the bottom of the barrel.

Agricultural machinery is often used in private households homemade type. Such structures are assembled according to the drawings of various craftsmen and even factory designs, but such equipment rarely lasts a long time and performs all the necessary tasks. Perhaps, for a personal plot or a small garden, this option will be a good solution. But practice shows that it would be more expedient for an industrial company to purchase new productive equipment.

Manufacture, configuration and operation of home-made agricultural machinery

The production of any agricultural equipment will require professional designs and drawings. Also, the master needs to acquire high-quality metal, a welding machine and an expensive tool for assembling the structure. At the factory, equipment is protected from corrosion and rapid wear, this is also required for handicraft assembly.

The process of creating a hinged homemade technology quite tricky:

manufacturing and testing of equipment in accordance with the norms and requirements of the field of use;
installation of attachments on a tractor, walk-behind tractor or other special equipment that performs the work;
setting up the tasks to be performed - this can be plowing the soil, spreading fertilizers or seeds, harvesting;
constant monitoring of the device operation, making changes to the settings in the course of the work.

It is almost impossible to set up home-made agricultural machinery to do the job perfectly accurately. Factory devices are often delivered in a ready to use state, while handicraft equipment requires constant monitoring of the results of operations. And this is the main problem - the functionality and performance of such products sometimes tends to zero.

The main problems in the use of artisanal equipment

Land cultivation and harvesting are difficult technological processes that require a professional approach. Today it is unacceptable to lose even 10% of the crop due to the poor quality of harvesting products, since the economic benefits of automation will be meager. In their work, agricultural machinery assembled at home can demonstrate the following unpleasant aspects:

low functionality, the ability to perform only one specific task with a particular culture;
complex installation on a tractor or walk-behind tractor, the risks of destruction of a home-made connecting element during operation;
reduced efficiency in harvesting or planting crops, cultivating land, or applying fertilizer to the soil;
noticeable decrease in productivity land plot after such processing, a decrease in the profitability of the economy.

Homemade agricultural machinery is very popular with farmers in Russia. Such designs are much cheaper than factory ones. And the flight of the creative imagination of the masters is not limited by anything. It turns out quite interesting developments used in agriculture.

Homemade agricultural machinery from a walk-behind tractor

Many farmers are familiar with the advantages of a conventional walk-behind tractor used in the household. Motorcycle structures usually run on gasoline or diesel engines. The presence of wheels allows you to perform many tasks. As a result, part of the land work is facilitated for the farmer. In what designs is a walk-behind tractor used?

If a farmer knows how to use a bench tool, a walk-behind tractor in his hands can turn into a useful unit. It can be used for:

plowing the land;
snow removal;
transportation of bulk materials;
lawn mowing;
planting and harvesting potatoes;
as a plow.

All structures from a walk-behind tractor can be divided into two groups. In the first case, use attachments, in the second, the walk-behind tractor is being overhauled.

Capital reconstruction of the motoblock

If you show perseverance and imagination, you can make unique home-made agricultural machinery. The main types of units obtained from a walk-behind tractor:

Trailer. This device is based on the creation of an additional trailer structure. It is important to take into account the shift in the center of gravity, which will move back. You also need to expand the front axle.
All-terrain vehicle. The walk-behind tractor is mounted on a 4-wheel frame. The finished design will resemble an ATV or a tractor. It turns out excellent home-made agricultural machinery for farmers. It is flexible and very functional.

Hay baler. Almost all farmers build a hay pick-up from a walk-behind tractor. The design is a welded frame made of pipes, which are mounted on a plate and installed back. Two wheels are attached to the front. It turns out something like a mini-tractor.
Snowmobile. If caterpillars are installed on the motorcycle structure, it will turn out excellent transport for driving in snowy conditions.

Homemade potato digger

The potato digger is mounted on a tractor. During the movement, the knives cut the ground and collect potato tubers. During vibration, excess earth is shaken off the potato. Clean tubers are thrown into the aisles, where they are harvested by hand. Homemade agricultural machinery represents many variations of this device. Working on this unit, the master can determine the thickness of the iron structures and their strength. The basis is the frame, which is welded from the corners and the channel. A plowshare is made from iron plates, which is attached to the elevator casing.

The elevator is given a slight slope. Rotating shafts and a drum, a transport and supporting part, are being prepared. The design is quite complex, so it cannot be made without special technical skills. And at a cost such a device will not be cheap.

Do-it-yourself home-made agricultural machinery is a good idea for advanced craftsmen with special skills. If there are no such abilities, the farmer can choose any units in the store.

The specificity of life in rural areas implies the presence of certain small-scale mechanization, helping the summer resident in his daily work. Especially, this applies to farmers who have large enough holdings, the processing of which by hand is simply impossible.

However, not everyone has enough money to buy a finished mini tractor in a store, because its cost can be really impressive.

In such cases, homemade mini tractor rural craftsmen are becoming more relevant and deserving of attention. This is fully justified, because such an approach to business allows you to significantly save on the purchase of the unit itself, which is the main reason for such homemade products.

This may also be interesting because the build process itself can be quite fascinating, especially for those people who are not indifferent to technology.

For more information about the homemade mini tractor, see the video:

homemade minitractor, video works of which can be freely found on the Internet for free, have similar technical data, as well as performance indicators, as store options, such as mini tractors, production.

Of course, they will differ in the power of the engine used, but the very specifics of the work performed by them will be similar. In principle, the idea of \u200b\u200bassembling a home-made unit was to carry out that list of agricultural work characteristic of a mini tractor.

Probably, its main purpose is the direct work in the field. We are talking about plowing land holdings, removing weeds, so that the cultivated soil is suitable for the subsequent planting of potatoes and other vegetable and grain crops on it.

This is a paramount task for any mini tractor, whether bought in a store or made with your own hands.

In addition, a homemade mini tractor can be used for the following purposes:

transportation various cargoes;
cleaning construction and household waste;
cleaning adjoining territories from snow masses;
for cutting grass for the purpose of subsequent harvesting of hay for livestock.

It is clear that such work will be impossible without the use of additional mounted and trailed equipment, which is aggregated with a minitractor. Such devices can be purchased directly from a specialized store, or you can design them yourself.

Fortunately, there are plenty of all kinds of drawings on the Internet indicating the exact dimensions and parameters, which is quite enough for any rural craftsman.

In general, homemade products are used mainly at the household level which is quite understandable, because large farms and agro-industrial complexes are able to purchase more than one mini tractor, so they do not need to resort to self-assembly of these units.

But this does not mean that homemade mini tractors will be very inferior in performance to purchased options. If this is still the case, then this lag is not critical, but at the everyday level it not notice at all.

Device

Such homemade products in the countryside, like a mini tractor, differ quite a simple constructive device, which gives certain advantages to the person who will carry out the assembly process.

Due to the fact that home-made units are made in the image and likeness of their store "brothers", their design will be largely similar.

Conventionally, you can divide a homemade mini tractor into several working nodes:

. This is perhaps the most important part of the device of a minitractor, because the stability and performance of the entire unit will depend on the strength of the frame.
Transmission. This device can be taken from old Soviet cars which are quite suitable for these purposes.
Reducer.
Wheelbase. For this purpose, you can use wheels from old equipment - the same domestic cars.
power unit. In a homemade mini tractor, you can use a walk-behind tractor as the main driving force. Consequently, the same engine will be used as on the walk-behind tractor, but this is not a strict recommendation.
For these purposes, you can use another engine, preferably diesel-powered, with decent power (at least 9 hp).
Steering.
Other components. This includes the clutch, driver's seat, etc.

As we can see, most of the components will be borrowed from old, obsolete equipment, so manufacturing costs are minimal. The only thing is it takes a little work with frame welding and setting up controls, but for a rural craftsman this is a common thing that does not cause any particular problems.

How to do it

Perhaps the most interesting option for self-assembly is minitractor fracture 4x4 homemade,

which is manufactured based on a motoblock. In general, this is a fairly common method of assembling a mini tractor, which proves its effectiveness and performance during operation.

Outwardly, such a construction looks rather cumbersome, but the internal content is completely proportional, i.e. every detail is in its place, exactly adjusted to the dimensions and parameters. Consider design features in details:

Drawing 1

A photo assembly drawings

The frame structure will consist of two components - spars and traverses. Spars are made of three components. The front part will be made of channel No. 10, the latter will be made of a steel pipe with dimensions of 8 × 8 cm.
The rear traverse will be made of channel No. 16, and the front one is from channel No. 12. Crossbars are made in the same way. In principle, all four-wheel drive homemade mini tractors have a similar frame design, with the same technical parameters.

Can be used as an engine any power unit , the capacity of which will be sufficient for the implementation of agricultural work. The ideal option, in this case, will use a 4-stroke diesel engine with water cooling.
gearbox and transfer case power take-off shaft can be taken from car GAZ-53. The clutch will fit from the GAZ-52.
When connecting the clutch and the engine, certain problems can arise. You will have to remake the flywheel of the motor, as well as make a new clutch basket cover to fit it under the engine. The flywheel is ground on a lathe, cutting off the back area, and also turning an additional span in the middle.
In general, homemade mini tractors mean customization for specific items, so you should be prepared for the fact that you have to turn to a turner to turn some components.
Bridge is installed in the structure practically without changes. It is attached to the frame with four ladders.
As wheels, you can use similar ones taken from cars.
But there is one important nuance here: the front wheels should be approximately 14 inches, which is the optimal value for the front axle wheels.
The fact is that the use of a smaller diameter can cause the unit to fall into the ground, and the use of a larger diameter will make it impossible to perform certain maneuvers.
The scheme of the walkway of mini tractors and mini auto homemade products, presented below, clearly shows the principle of the location of the wheels on the axles, as well as their attachment to the frame.
To increase the maneuverability of homemade products, you can install on hydraulic steering wheel. You can take it from old equipment, or assemble it yourself. To do this, we need an oil pump driven by the engine.

An important stage of work will be the location driver's seat . It must be positioned in such a way that the steering wheel does not rest on the driver's knees, i.e. did not interfere with the free control of the device.

Homemade mini tractor fractures have a very important advantage- they have very good maneuverability indicators. Of course, this assembly method is a bit more complicated than the alternative ones, but it's definitely worth the effort.

On the Russian market of agricultural products, there are quite a lot of models of cultivators of foreign and domestic production from various firms. The cultivator is a true European quality at an affordable price.

The garden sprayer allows you to treat the most inaccessible places, while active agent firmly attached to the leaves. By clicking on, get acquainted with the different types of sprayers for the garden and vegetable garden.

Potato planters mechanize and refine the planting process, making rows even, planting tubers at the same distance from each other and at the same depth. find all the information you need about potato planters.

In general, in this assembly method, a lot of components are taken from old domestic cars. For example, steering rack can be borrowed from old Zhiguli, the same can be said about the drum brake - it can also be taken from a used car.

Top Models

A homemade mini tractor from a walk-behind tractor is a fairly common way to make a mini tractor at home. In general, good aggregates come from the following motoblock brands:

Centaur.
Bison.
Neva.

For example, let's take a walk-behind tractor, from which you can safely make a future mini tractor. The whole list of works comes down to what needs to be done frame structure from a metal profile, as well as to supplement the device with a seat and a second wheelset.

Specifications:

type of engine used - 4-stroke, diesel;
fuel tank capacity - 5.5 l;
rotation frequency - 3 thousand revolutions per minute;
type of cooling - air;
engine capacity - 418 cm3.

The cost will be formed on the basis of the price for the walk-behind tractor itself and the cost of the materials needed for the work. Given that average price for such a walk-behind tractor is about 40 thousand rubles, then the total assembly price will be about 45-48 thousand rubles.

Also, good results can be achieved if you re-equip the NT-135 walk-behind tractor, which has similar characteristics as the previous version.

Specifications:

type of engine used - 4-stroke, diesel;
maximum power - 9 hp;
fuel tank capacity 5.5 l;
rotation frequency - 3600 rpm;
type of cooling - air;
engine capacity - 406 cm3.

The cost of the motoblock itself will be about 54 thousand rubles. At the same time, the final price for a finished home-made mini tractor will be formed based on the cost necessary materials. In particular, we are talking about the following components:

Hydraulic system. In principle, you can take it from old agricultural machinery.
Pair of wheels- taken from old domestic cars.
Steering wheel and braking system.

I sum up all the costs, the total cost of a homemade mini tractor will reach 60 thousand rubles.

Conclusion

As we can see, there are enough many ways to make homemade mini tractors. At the same time, you can actually design them from scratch, welding the necessary structural details, or convert the walk-behind tractor for these purposes. Fortunately, their design is largely similar, which makes it possible.

On the Internet, you can find a fairly large number of not only detailed drawings indicating the markup, but also a video that clearly demonstrates such units in operation.

After looking at them, you can make sure that their principle of operation is completely identical to their purchased counterparts, therefore independent production mini tractors are becoming more appropriate.

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Homemade agricultural machinery from a walk-behind tractor

Many farmers are familiar with the advantages of a conventional walk-behind tractor used in the household. Moto designs usually run on gasoline or diesel engines. The presence of wheels allows you to perform many tasks. As a result, part of the land work is facilitated for the farmer. In what designs is a walk-behind tractor used?

If a farmer knows how to use a bench tool, a walk-behind tractor in his hands can turn into a useful unit. It can be used for:

plowing the land;
snow removal;
transportation of bulk materials;
lawn mowing;
planting and harvesting potatoes;
as a plow.

All structures from a walk-behind tractor can be divided into two groups. In the first case, attachments are used, in the second, the walk-behind tractor is overhauled.

Capital reconstruction of the motoblock

If you show perseverance and imagination, you can make unique home-made agricultural machinery. The main types of units obtained from a walk-behind tractor:

Trailer. This device is based on the creation of an additional trailer structure. It is important to take into account the shift in the center of gravity, which will move back. You also need to expand the front axle.
All-terrain vehicle. The walk-behind tractor is mounted on a 4-wheel frame. The finished design will resemble an ATV or a tractor. It turns out excellent home-made agricultural machinery for farmers. It is flexible and very functional.

Hay baler. Almost all farmers build a hay pick-up from a walk-behind tractor. The design is a welded frame made of pipes, which are mounted on a plate and installed back. Two wheels are attached to the front. It turns out something like a mini-tractor.
Snowmobile. If caterpillars are installed on the motorcycle structure, it will make an excellent transport for movement in snowy winters.

Homemade potato digger

Do-it-yourself home-made agricultural machinery is a good idea for advanced craftsmen with special skills. If there are no such abilities, the farmer can choose any units in the store.

The mini tractor is an indispensable agricultural equipment for cultivating the land, planting seeds and harvesting. Especially this technique is in demand in the village, among the owners of large household plots. The cost of mini tractors in the factory version is quite high. Even the latest Chinese-made technology is sometimes not affordable for everyone. Therefore, more and more home craftsmen are trying to make a mini tractor on their own, using improvised materials.

If you decide to assemble a mini tractor with your own hands, then first of all you need to pick up a power unit for it. The latter is often used ZID engine. This is a four-stroke unit with a volume of 0.52 liters. and a capacity of 4.5 l / s, which is quite suitable for processing 2-3 hectares of land. The engine is easy to maintain, so it is often installed on various home-made equipment, moreover, it is easy to buy it on the Internet.

Another option for homemade is . This is a two-cylinder unit with a capacity of about 12 l / s and a volume of 0.42 liters. Although this type of motor has long been discontinued, there are a large number of offers on the Internet for the sale of this unit. It can be bought for approximately 5,000 - 8,000 rubles.

Often, in the manufacture of homemade tractors, craftsmen use motors from cars. For example, you can meet mini tractors with an Oka engine.

This engine has a power of 29.3 l / s and a volume of 0.649 liters. In fact, this is a VAZ engine (VAZ 21083), only in a lightweight version, since it has 2 times less weight. Distinctive feature engine from Oka is a low consumption of gasoline and high efficiency.

The more expensive option is engine from "Zhiguli". The motors of the VAZ car line have an engine power of 59 l / s (VAZ 2101) and higher. A tractor with a VAZ engine is a fairly powerful unit that can cope with almost any agricultural work.

Owners of walk-behind tractors to make a mini tractor for household the easiest way, since this unit already has all the necessary control nodes. It remains only to make a suitable frame, and the tractor is ready.

What to make a frame

The assembly of a mini tractor always begins with the manufacture of the frame. The frame of the minitractor acts as a base on which all components and parts of this unit are fixed. The frame should be strong enough and at the same time not very heavy. It is usually made from metal corner, profile pipe or channel. Parts are connected by welding. The frame can be one-piece or two-piece.

one piece frame the easiest to make. It is enough to weld a rectangle from a channel or a corner. Frame dimensions are calculated based on the dimensions of the engine, gearbox and other components.

Also, 4x4 mini tractors are very popular among homeowners. These are four wheel drive tractors. with broken frame. The word "all-wheel drive" means that the unit is driven by both axles, front and rear. An example of such a frame made from channel No. 10 is shown in the following photo.

Frame fracture knot most often made from cardan shaft car, for example, from GAZ-52.

Main advantage homemade tractor with a breaking frame - this is a small turning radius of the unit. Due to its high maneuverability, the fracture minitractor is successfully used in small areas where it will be difficult to turn a minitractor with a solid frame.

Below are drawings of a frame connected by a hinge.

What to make a chassis

To assemble a mini tractor, you need to prepare it undercarriage. It includes wheels, front and rear axles, transmission elements.

When choosing wheels for a mini tractor the intended use of the latter should be taken into account. If the unit is being built for the transport and pulling of goods, then a disk diameter of 16 inches will suffice. When using the tractor in the field, it is better to use more massive wheels with discs with a diameter of 18 to 24 inches.

If the drive axle in your tractor is only the rear, then front beam is made simple enough.

To make a homemade front axle, as well as its rear counterpart for all-wheel drive, you will need to take 2 identical chassis units, for example, from a VAZ or Moskvich car, and shorten them. How to shorten the bridge from a VAZ car can be found in this video.

Important! Bridges must have the same gearboxes, with the same gear ratio. Otherwise, the front and rear wheels will rotate at different speeds when the tractor is moving.

Since the bridges already have a built-in mechanism for transmitting rotational motion to the wheel axle, it is not necessary to make a home-made gearbox.

Benefits of installing hydraulics

Hydraulics is installed on a minitractor in order to ensure the operation of some of its mechanisms and facilitate the management of this unit. The unit with installed hydraulics has its advantages.

The car becomes easy to control. The steering wheel can be turned with almost no effort with one hand.
Hydraulics makes it possible to use various attachments.
The use of hydraulics allows you to upgrade brake system. Thanks to the hydraulic cylinders installed on the unit, the braking of the unit occurs instantly.

You can make hydraulics on a mini tractor if you purchase a ready-made system in a store in advance or use parts from old agricultural machinery.

Important! When installing hydraulics on a mini tractor, it should be borne in mind that some of the engine power will be spent on servicing this unit. Therefore, for tractors with small engines installing hydraulics will not bring any benefit.

What is the VOM for?

The power take-off shaft (PTO) is designed to drive various agricultural mechanisms connected to a mini tractor, for example, various cutters for tillage, potato diggers, mowers, snow blowers, etc.

PTO can be like dependent and independent. In the first case, the shaft is driven by a transmission that transmits rotational motion to the wheels. As soon as the wheels stop, the PTO stops turning. An independent PTO receives rotation from crankshaft engine. Therefore, the higher the engine speed, the faster the shaft rotates.

In addition, there are tractors with PTO synchronous type. The speed of rotation of the synchronous shaft directly depends on gear ratio transmission of a moving tractor. Synchronization of movement and rotation is required when the unit is working with sowing equipment.

Making a three-point hitch

The hitch is used for tractor connections additional equipment , for example, a plow.

The hinge must be movable both in the horizontal plane and in the vertical. In the first case, mobility helps to reduce the overhang of the nozzle when taxiing. Vertical movement of the suspension is required to lower the equipment into working condition or raise it to the transport position.

A hitch on a minitractor is made from various parts taken from old agricultural machinery. It is quite difficult to make a description of how to make a three-point hitch at home. Therefore, it would be more correct to use the following video, which indicates the dimensions of all parts of the fixture.

Selection and installation of brakes and clutch

Brakes must be installed on the rear wheelset. Easiest to take ready-made blocks from the UAZ car. The brake pads must be installed on the wheel disks, and the control should be brought to the pedal or lever installed inside the cab.

To install the clutch on a homemade mini tractor, you can also use ready-made from any vehicle. For example, you can use belt clutch from Moskvich or UAZ.

The clutch unit is attached to the gearbox, also taken from any car. You can see how the clutch is installed in this video.

Steering installation

It is quite difficult to make a steering mechanism on your own, and in principle it makes no sense, since all the parts can be taken from any car.

When installing the steering mechanism, the steering shaft with gear is connected to the steering arms, which are available on knuckles installed on the front beam (the manufacture of the beam was discussed above).

How to make a cabin for a mini tractor

If in the summer it is possible to work on a minitractor without a cab, then with the onset autumn-winter period the use of the unit becomes rather uncomfortable or even impossible. Therefore, craftsmen try to assemble tractors with cabs in order to use this technique all year round.

Cabin for homemade equipment is made sheet steel according to a pre-prepared drawing. As a basis for calculations, you can take the cabin from MTZ tractor. The following photo shows a drawing, based on which you can make a cabin yourself.

Advice! If the dimensions of the cabin on the drawing do not fit the dimensions of your mini tractor, then they must be changed. But the main thing to consider when correcting sizes is the size. windshield and cab height. Its ceiling should be 25 cm higher than the head of a person sitting in the cabin.

The cabin is made as follows.

In general, in order to better understand how a mini tractor is made with your own hands, you can watch this video, a kind of beginner's guide.

The nuances of manufacturing a caterpillar tractor

Homemade tracked mini tractors are a technique, main feature which is high maneuverability and good maneuverability. Also, a tractor on tracks creates minimal pressure on the soil, which cannot be said about its wheeled counterpart.

To make a crawler mini tractor, you will need the following structural elements.

Frame. It is made from a profile pipe or channel.
Engine. For a tracked mini tractor, it is better to use a diesel engine.
Main bridge. As in the manufacture wheeled tractor, for a caterpillar unit, you can also use a ready-made axle from an old car, which should be shortened.
Transmission. The ideal option would be a box from the GAZ-53.
Clutch. A clutch unit from a GAZ-52 is suitable.
Caterpillars. They are made from tires from the wheels of large-sized equipment, for example, from a tractor.

For making caterpillars you need to take 2 tires from the tractor and cut off the side parts on them. Then these tires are put on the wheels mounted on the frame, as shown in the next photo.

To make the tractor turn, on the rear axle you need to install a differential that will disconnect the right or left wheel from the drive. Also, each wheel must be equipped with a brake controlled separately. When you press the brake pedal and switch the differential, one wheel of the drive axle stops, while the opposite one continues to rotate. Due to this, the tractor turns in the right direction.