For most agricultural machinery, a variety of equipment is offered, which in one way or another simplifies work and increases the functionality of tractors. For mini tractors, it will be very useful and probably even obligatory to purchase a special trailer. The properties of the trailer must fully match the tractor model used, otherwise their interaction and efficiency will be complicated.

Fortunately, today there are many trailers for certain models of equipment, so choosing the right product is not difficult. But for certain reasons, some tractor owners try to make a tractor trailer with my own hands which today is more than a simple and affordable task.

Tractor trailer device

Before you start creating your own trailer, it is important to know its structure and design features. Consists of the following parts:

• side body;
• several wheels and running gear;
• base - metal frame;
• body lifting mechanism;
• trailed for connection with a tractor.

Also, depending on the scope of use and the required characteristics, there are two types of trailers:

1. With one axle - the simplest and most popular model, especially relevant for the transportation of bulk or other materials;
2. With two axles - have a powerful design and therefore allow you to transport heavy loads and materials.

Tractor functions

Any tractor should be able to perform several functional duties, because its work is aimed at farms and household plots. If use attachments, the tractor is capable of:

• collect snow in winter;
• harvest in gardens, fields, farm plots;
• transport various goods;
• plow and cultivate the land.

And without a trailer, it can be impossible to complete such tasks, which means that everyone who buys a tractor must take care of such equipment as a trailer. Using a dump trailer, you can easily perform tasks such as harvesting and unloading crops, transporting seedlings, transporting crops, building materials and much more.

How to make a tractor trailer

1. Creation of a drawing of the future, which is created on the basis of indicators such as future application, load capacity, dimensions of each part, etc.;
2. blank necessary materials- channels, steel sheets, pipes, wheels, plywood board, running block. Try to choose good quality metal materials.
3. A frame is being made, in which it is imperative to make a front traverse, attach fasteners for the central axis by welding and create a strong rear beam.
4. With the help of hinges and spars (side) the base of the wheels is created. In this case, the axle is fixed to the frame.
5. Body creation. The main material will be sheet steel, which is selected of sufficient thickness and quality.
6. Making trailer equipment, in the process of working, you need to create a balance between mounting the drawbar and the trailer frame.
7. Creation and installation of a mechanism for capsizing. It is extremely difficult to create it yourself, so a ready-made hydraulic cylinder is taken and attached to the body. Its task is to overturn the body and pour out the cargo. If desired, you can do without such a mechanism.
8. Trailer break-in is carried out by means of a short movement without a load on the trailer.

An important step is the installation of wheels, a great advantage is that you can install wheels and even springs on a homemade trailer with different cars. But keep in mind the moment that you need to install the wheels in the center of the trailer for a uniform load.

Video

The cart frame is best made from 50x25x4 mm tubes, which will include a direct welded riser, front and rear spars. An angle 40x40x4 mm can act as a reinforcing crossbar, and a pipe 58x4 mm can act as a longitudinal hinge. Everything is best done by welding, as this will ensure the strength and integrity of the structure, eliminating the possibility of loosening of the elements (when using bolting). Next, you should weld the seat posts from the corners of 40x40x4 mm, to which the wooden frame of the direct body will already be attached.

Selection of suitable wheels and their fastening

Conclusion

Summing up the above, we can say that a do-it-yourself trolley for a mini tractor can well be made by each owner, which will require only careful manufacture of the constituent elements, as well as a responsible approach. Fortunately, everything you need to make such a design can be obtained, and therefore a good owner will surely be able to design such a cart for his mini tractor.

illustrative example cart devices for minitractor:

The miniature tractor has already been appreciated by many farmers. But supplementing it with factory trailers is a very expensive pleasure for many. The way out becomes independent production devices for transporting goods.

Tools and materials

In order to choose the right materials and tools for the job, you first need to determine how large the load on the trailer will be. Bringing in a few bags of fertilizer or crop periodically is one thing, but hauling a lot of manure or equipping a trailer with a tipper body is another. For the manufacture of the frame, steel pipes are usually used. It will be necessary to connect tubular structures using a welding machine.

Additionally, an axle is used, on which the wheels removed from the walk-behind tractor are selected.

As practice shows, other wheels on trailers for mini-tractors do not work well. Two-axle trailers are more difficult to manufacture. This design will require more welding work, so you will have to prepare more electrodes of various sizes. For bodies it is recommended to use not plastic, but metal.

Metal products are especially good if you plan to drive on forest roads, off-road and on the banks of rivers or lakes. Wooden bodies of mini-tractors will definitely disappoint any hunter and fisherman. Even special coatings will not particularly increase their resistance to bad weather. The best options would definitely be aluminum and thin steel sheets. Important: metal is recommended to be painted with corrosion-resistant paint.

How to do it yourself?

A high-quality home-made trailer for a mini-tractor should:

• be durable;
• have a relatively small mass;
• match the payload traction force tractor;
• have high ground clearance;
• equipped with wide wheel axles.

With insufficient axle width, it will be almost impossible to drive on a bad road. Experts advise starting the manufacture of a trailer by welding parts of the frame. It will become a supporting frame. For work, both round and rectangular pipes are used. Their minimum diameter is 400 mm.

Important: joints are made only by welding, other types of joints are not allowed.

After that they create wheelbase. The axis is most often a steel rod, the diameter of which is at least 350 mm.

The rod must be attached to the frame using:

• side spars;
• longitudinal hinges;
• corner type supports.

This solution allows for increased load capacity. It becomes possible to move not only the harvested crop, seed, but also the following types of cargo:

• fertilizers;
• heavy waste;
• priming;
• building materials.

Bodies are usually made from boards. Their height is selected individually. Best of all, if the width of the boards is proportional to the height, then there is no need to divide them into parts. The wood is pre-dried. It is recommended to attach boards with steel corners, because such a connection is the most durable and stable. The wheels should be placed strictly in the middle. This is extremely important for driving safety. It is imperative to take care of a reliable connection with the mini-tractor itself. Experts point out that the best way- articulated drawbar inserted into a special tubular body.

A safety assembly is mounted on top; if it is not there, then the connection can be destroyed by any push.

But protection is not as simple as it seems. It is the connection between the tractor and the trailer that is subjected to very strong vibrations. Yes, and the friction force in this place is huge. Therefore, one should not rush - both during design and assembly. Connecting the parts together, you need to act as carefully as possible.

Experts even advise working together. What one person doesn't notice, a partner will almost certainly find. After the work is completed, it is required to control its quality. Be sure to double-check how reliable all the nodes are, how tightly they are connected by hinges. Be sure to check the bolt ties. The assembled trailer is first run in without load, grinding the parts. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this scheme. However, we must remember that structural elements are made only from new metal.

If old parts are used, then only after making sure that they are free of rust and other flaws.

It is advisable to treat all exposed surfaces with oil paint. It is quite affordable and very effective. protective agent. But the simplest mini-tractor trailers do not always solve the problem. Often you have to make a dumping unit. It differs from a conventional trailer by the presence of a mechanism that raises the body as needed. Such trailers have proven themselves when moving bulk cargo, firewood, and so on. Best lifting mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder.

When studying ready-made drawings and dimensions or designing a trailer yourself, you must take into account the required load capacity. The number of axles directly depends on it. Single-axle carts always have undercarriage without springs. You can unload the delivered goods either strictly backwards, or also to the left and to the right. It already depends on what goals the farmer sets and how it is more convenient to work.

The two-axle trailer type is superior to the single-axle one both in terms of maneuverability and off-road capability.

Such carts confidently move on any road. If you plan to transport a large amount of goods or move them constantly, it is advisable to give preference to three-axle versions. It won’t be cheap to make such a trailer, but its increased service life will justify all investments. The main thing is that the tractor has enough power to pull such a trailer with a load.

Not all farmers and other owners need tipper trailers. They will be in demand mainly when transporting such goods:

• sand;
• scrap metal;
• soil;
• prepared firewood;
• clay;
• cement;
• root crops and other vegetables;
• grain crops;
• seed material;
• other voluminous and shock-resistant loads.

The so-called on-board models are equipped with folding sides. Such carts are good when you need to transport bricks and tiles, other products that require careful handling. Barrel carts are needed to transport not only barrels, but also boxes, containers, bags, and other containers. It is recommended to calculate the trailer for a load capacity of 500-2000 kg. If it is smaller, then the device may be impractical, if it is larger, the mini-tractor may not “pull out” the cart.

When designing and assembling a trailer, the following design features are also taken into account:

• type of brakes (preferably pneumatic);
• critical angles of inclination;
• clearance.

Most simple circuit- a single-axle bogie equipped with a pair of wheels, but devoid of overturning mechanisms. It is on such a device that inexperienced home craftsmen can “fill their hand”. But still, however, drawings are needed. They show the dimensions of all parts, the size of the sections, and so on. It is advisable to use tires with rough treads.

When there is already experience, you can also take on a two-axle dump structure.

Such a trolley can be safely hooked to powerful tractor units. The product must be 3 m long and 2 m wide. The front beam is removed from the Moskvich car, and the rods are taken from old motorcycle sidecars. The drawbar can be converted from a cardan; in addition, a device is prepared to dampen vibrations and jerks when driving on a hinged beam.

The self-tipping (lever) device of the dump trailer is made by welding on the mounting loops. These hinges will help keep the body on the axle. Lifting will be done with an ordinary handle. But it must be equipped with a stopper to prevent spontaneous operation. There is also a rising option, but it requires the use of an oil pump or a hydraulic jack.

Safety

Regardless of the design features, a trailer for a mini tractor requires careful handling. First of all, you can not use the trolley with an overload, as well as transport easily shifting loads on it in an unsecured position. Before each departure on the road and upon return, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the trailer itself and its hitch. Having found a malfunction, it should be immediately eliminated, and only then use the trailer cart again. Be sure to remove all the roughness, burrs of the metal.

Sharp and cutting edges are ground or otherwise removed.

It is strictly forbidden to ride in a trailer and carry pets in it. Stopping the vehicle even for the shortest time, you should put it on hand brake. The slope limits must be strictly adhered to. When working on a slope, drive at a minimum speed.

Many owners of large fields and orchards buy tractors not only for tillage, but also for the possibility of transporting crops and equipment. To do this, a trailer is installed on the agricultural machine. One of the main advantages of this design is that it can be assembled independently. Given the correct procedure, the manufacturer will be able to obtain a reliable and durable cart of almost any shape and size.

First of all, before the direct assembly of the trailer for the tractor, the manufacturer will need to study the detailed diagrams, which should indicate the dimensions of the parts used, as well as the order and method of their installation in the overall structure.

The drawings indicate thattractor cartshould be made up of several parts.

Their list includes:

• frame - the main power element;
• chassis, including wheelbase;
• body;
• lifting part;
• a drawbar with which the trailer will be attached to an economic tractor.

To assemble each of these elements, the manufacturer will need:

• a couple of sheets of steel;
• steel or metal channel;
• thick plywood blanks;
• metal pipes;
• chassis block;
• 1-2 pairs of identical wheels;
• electrical connection equipment;
• Bulgarian;
• fasteners.

If you have all the materials and equipment, you can assemble carts of the following types:

• uniaxial - the simplest and most popular option.Single axle tractor trailercan be used to work with any type of agricultural machinery. With it, you can successfully transport bulk, liquid or semi-liquid materials;
• biaxial - are distinguished by high resistance to especially large and heavy luggage.

For unloading tractor cartmust be equipped with a separate mechanism.

Depending on the principle of operation, carts are divided into the following types:

• overturning arbitrarily - they work on the principle of an ordinary dump truck, which is driven by a mechanical lever;
• forcibly rising - in these designs, to lift the body, the use of technically complex foreign components is required. Most often for thiscart on tractorcomplete with oil pump, engine or car lift.

The most convenient is considered to be a single-axle cart for a tractor, in which the body components are held on the central axis by means of loops. To be able to unload, the easiest way is to make an arbitrarily tipping trailer. It will be actuated by means of a lever, which must be equipped with a stopper to reduce the risk of overturning the structure.

- step by step assembly

To tipper cartturned out to be balanced and strong enough, during its manufacture you need to follow the correct procedure.

The assembly algorithm should look like this:

1. First of all, the manufacturer must make a reliable supporting frame. Its device should include a front traverse, a stable central axle with reinforcement in the form of a lamellar web, as well as a powerful rear beam. For the manufacture of each of the frame elements, thick pipes are suitable, the cross section of which should be at least 25 cm. Welding is used to fasten the pipes. So that in the future the structure does not stagger during movement, it must be strengthened with spars made of a channel and installed on the sides. In the place of attachment of the side members and the rear beam, you will need to install scarves - they will maketractor trailermore resistant to vibration when driving off-road;
2. Then you need to start assembling the wheelbase. Its standard axle is best made in the form of a metal rod with a diameter of about 30–35 cm. After that, the axle will need to be attached to the supporting frame using longitudinal hinges, side metal spars or supports made of steel angle. Made this way homemade the cart will be able to successfully transport not only crops, but also various building materials;
   
3. The next step is to assemble the body. It can be made from thick boards or sheet steel. The second option will allow you to carry heavier loads. You need to fasten the metal to an ordinary corner, which plays the role of a base. In the same way, you will need to attach the side parts of the cart. Thereby homemade the design will not warp during sharp turns;
4. At the next stage, you need to proceed to the manufacture of the trailer mechanism. It is best to assemble a drawbar, which during the operation of the trailer will go into a special canvas. It is important that the carrier frame of the cart is in an ideal horizontal position. If it is broken, then the attachment of the cart for the tractor will need to be adjusted. Otherwise, the structure will not be able to withstand the friction and intense vibration that the agricultural machine creates during movement;
   
5. Then you need to assemble the trailer lifting mechanism. It should be based on a hydraulic cylinder capable of tilting the cart by 50⁰. To connect the lift to the frame, the manufacturer will need to assemble a strut that follows the shape of a truncated triangle. For its manufacture, a channel is suitable, on top of which an emphasis should be attached - it can be made from a cut-out metal sheet. To operate the lifting mechanism, you will need to connect the tubes with hydraulic drive tractor. More details about manufacturing homemade trailer will tell video .

The finished cart for the tractor will need to be coated with a layer of primer and apply several layers of paint. This will protect the metal parts of the structure from the formation of rust and rot.

To cart was able to withstand intensive use and served its owner for as long as possible, you must follow the rules for its use.

To do this, the user must:

• try to avoid overloading the tractor trailer. If you transport more weight on a cart than it can support, then this threatens to imbalance and loss of structural rigidity. Over time, the trailer will warp to one side and it will be impossible to transport cargo on it, especially loose goods;
• control the pressure in the hydraulic pipes - a sharp drop or surge in pressure in the system will lead to the inability of the trailer to rise for unloading. This can happen at any inopportune moment, so the user should check the air pressure in the tubes and their integrity before each departure from the house.

To avoid most of these problems, you should try not to use a trailer on a tractor for transporting large luggage on severe off-road. This will reduce the risk of increased load on the carrier frame of the cart and prevent it from tilting away from the central axis.

The process of transportation of any cargo always consists of three components: loading, delivery and unloading. Suppose the cargo has already been transported to the farmyard. The moment of unloading comes - it usually happens here manually, rarely when it is possible to use a crane, except for removing from vehicle some heavy weights.

And all by hand! The work is time-consuming, whether it is bulk cargo or piece. Here the question of “mechanization of the process” involuntarily arises.

I took up this as well. I decided to design a small "self-dumping" trailer for a tractor with a carrying capacity of 2 - 3 tons. As strange as it may seem, my first glance was fixed on ... a kvass barrel. Officially, it is called the ATsPT-9 tank trailer for transporting kvass. Of course, I considered only the trailer itself, its frame, which can withstand a barrel of kvass with a total mass of about a ton.

As it turned out, it was created on the basis of a single-axle tractor trailer 1-PT-1.7. With its own weight of 0.8 tons, it was possible to carry cargo up to 1.8 tons on such a trailer; the installation platform - 2484x940 mm - was also quite sufficient to accommodate the trailer body I had planned.

trailer frame:
1 - front traverse (channel 100x46x5); 2 - spar (channel 140x58x5); 3 - rear beam, channel (120x52x5); 4 - scarf (corner 80x80x6); 5 - brace of the hydraulic cylinder installation (channel 120x52x5); 6 - central beam (100x100x4); 7 - longitudinal reinforcement (plate 100x5); 8 - drawbar, channel (120x52x5); 9 - transverse reinforcement (corner 50x50x5); 10 - coiled, channel (100x45x4); 11 - emphasis (plate (150x20)

Frame details of a homemade trailer

For the manufacture of the trailer frame, I picked up metal profiles similar to the channels on the frame: the front traverse with a section of 100x46x5 mm, side spars (to avoid the occurrence of longitudinal bends when passing on uneven roads) - more powerful - with a section of 140x58x5 mm; the rear beam, which accounts for most of the weight of the load when lifting the body, is 120x52x5 mm. The frame in diameter was reinforced with a central beam of a slightly smaller section - 100x100x4 mm. In addition, he secured the connection of the rear beam and spars with scarves. Thus, a metal frame with dimensions of 1800x1700 mm was obtained, all the joints of which are welded.

Tipper Trailer Lifting Mechanism

As a hydraulic cylinder, I used a 1PTS-9 tractor trailer lift. The stroke of its rod is 850 mm, which made it possible to raise the body at an angle slightly more than 50 °, sufficient for complete sliding from the ground.

Body frame diagram:
1 - side stand (channel 500x50x5); 2 - stringer (channel 120x52x5); 3 - spar (channel 100x46x4); 4 - loop; 5 - floor trim (corner 80x80x6)

However, in order to install a hydraulic cylinder on the frame, it was necessary to make a truss in the form of an inverted truncated triangle - a brace - from a channel with a section of 120x52x5 mm. On the resulting bottom platform of the brace with a width of 300 mm, I placed a hydraulic cylinder. As a stop in the upper part, I used a metal circle with a diameter of 650 mm, welded to the details of the body frame. I connect the hose directly to the tractor hydraulic system. The strut clearance is 300 mm.

Hydraulic cylinder in strut:
1 - hydraulic cylinder, L 675 mm, 0102, stroke 850, weight 26 kg; 2 - brace, channel 120x52x5; 3 - front traverse of the frame; 4 - the central beam of the frame. Strut clearance - 300 mm

Drawbar for single axle tractor trailer

It took a little longer to tinker with the drawbar. The wheels of the cart - from GAE-53 (8.25R20) - have a diameter of 962 mm, and it turned out that when connected to the tractor, the frame was not installed in a horizontal position, but with a significant slope. I had to “lower” the drawbar, and for this it was welded under it from a channel with dimensions of 100x45x4 mm, in addition, put another trailing thrust plate in front of it with dimensions of 150x20 mm. After that, the frame "aligned".

Frame front:
1 - front traverse; 2 - drawbar; 3 - transverse amplifier; 4 - shook; 5 - emphasis

DIY trailer body

Then I moved on to building the body. This is where things moved faster. Stringers and spars, again from channels 120x52x5 mm and 100x46x4 mm, laid in a honeycomb pattern at a distance of 550 mm and 600 mm on the floor strapping from corners measuring 80x80x6 mm. From above covered with sheet iron 2 mm thick. I hung the boards with a height of 600 mm from edged boards measuring 150x25, fastened them with vertical metal strips measuring 500x55x5 mm. In the corners they are locked with conventional side locks.

The rear stringer of the body is reinforced in the hinges of the rear frame beam.

It should be noted that in order to balance the center of gravity, the body had to be shifted in the horizontal plane by 200 mm forward from the axis along the frame.

Body size - 2500x 2000 mm. I place the load in it, as I planned, about 2.5 tons.

For several years, the trailer has been doing its job perfectly without any breakdowns or failures. I mainly transport bulk cargo, but I also have to load the trailer with hay, teddy grass, and also “iron”.