Recently, in a good company of bloggers, I managed to visit the Promtractor plant, which is located in the city of Cheboksary. The company is part of the group Tractor factories"and is engaged in the production of a wide range of tractors, bulldozers, pipelayers, excavators and other heavy equipment under the CHETRA brand.

Today, especially for the readers of the community, a report on how equipment is made for various needs and about the largest bulldozers in our country.

At times Soviet Union the plant produced only one model - the heavy industrial tractor T-330. Now graders, bulldozers, excavators, all-terrain vehicles, loaders, pipelayers, loaders, forestry equipment and even rollers are produced here, more than 10 models of equipment are produced in total.

The plant has recently been modernized, equipped with new machines, in order to be competitive not only in our market, but also abroad.

The new machines allow you to make more diverse parts than was possible on the old Soviet counterparts.

Bulldozer parts are not small.

However, the plant also has a lot of old machines, both Soviet ones that perform only a few operations, and German ones, such as SCHISS machining complexes, which were bought in the mid-80s. The line is still in operation and consists of 25 machining centers, differing only in equipment and software. There was a rather cloudy glass, because the photo is like that.

Large workshops of the plant are loaded not on full power, but here and there are ready-to-assemble parts.

The lines in one of the workshops serve such small automatic loaders, which themselves move along a certain trajectory, which is set by special marks built into the floor. You can see them in the photo too.

We found the plant during a shift change, because there were few workers, although, as they explained to us, only 20 people work in the machining shop. This is enough, because all the work is done by CNC machines, the workers only have to follow the process.

In Soviet times, the number of workers at Promtractor reached 30,000 people. The plant then produced about 2,000 T-330 tractors per year. Now the plant produces about 1,200 units of various equipment, and the staff is only 3,000 people.

In the neighborhood of modern automated centers there are also very old machines. This is a neighboring workshop - a transmission workshop.

On the floor - a metal tile from the Soviet era, it is unlikely that time will be able to spoil it.

The capacities of the enterprise have not changed, although the number has decreased, but the range of manufactured equipment has significantly expanded. Previously, it was easier to produce a model of one tractor than it is now a dozen various models machines, many of which are much heavier and more complex than the T-330.

The decrease in the number of employees was not only due to automation. Previously, Promtractor was a typical all-in-one plant for the USSR. It produced everything from nuts and bolts. But this is very inefficient, and now the production of very small parts is outsourced. The foundry was also withdrawn, which is handled by another plant as part of a single concern.

Old equipment is gradually removed from the workshops and goes to scrap metal. The vacated areas are occupied for other needs, like this shop for assembling transmissions for agricultural tractors.

On the walls of the plant there are posters depicting the products.

Ordinary Cheboksary workers.

Here is such a cool stall with nice girls right in the shop! True, it did not function, we never tried branded factory pies).

Soviet slogans are present in almost all factories created in Soviet times. True, not all of them survived, in contrast to this.

In addition to loader robots, there are other instances human-driven. We can say rarities.

Let's go to the assembly shop.

The details and the bodies of the machines themselves seem gigantic.

Here, as you can see, there is no conveyor. Each bulldozer is going to one place.

While some workers hid from the cameras, others, on the contrary, asked to be photographed.

At the last stage, as I understand it, caterpillars are put on.

Cosmonaut, worker and worker of cultural events?

We will soon have a test drive on these tractors.

Cabins and other exterior parts are painted in a modern paint booth using powder spraying.

This is how the cabin of the tractor "Chetra" looks like from the inside. There is no steering wheel here!

Hello Vitaly dervishv .

And these cabins will be installed on tractors of the Vladimir Tractor Plant

The assembled car is sent for testing, and after passing them, it is sent to the customer in one of 40 countries of the world. CHETRA technique is widely demanded in Australia, Egypt, Indonesia, Mozambique, Syria, South Korea. For testing, the plant has its own testing ground.
Loaders.

And now we are waiting for a small show, where we will be shown the capabilities of the "Chetra" technique.

Probably already paid attention to the corporate colors of "Chetra"?

The concept of a new S-33 mining dump truck with a payload capacity of 33 tons was also presented here. Now he is being tested. Those who have seen Volvo dump trucks will be able to find comparisons between them.

Soon it will go into production. In general, if earlier the plant produced only industrial tractors, now excavators are also being made here and the production of dump trucks will soon begin, and even combine harvesters. The production of Yenisei combine harvesters from Krasnoyarsk is transferred here to Promtractor.

This is done because the main consumers of this equipment are located in the European part of Russia, as well as the main suppliers of components, some of which are produced here, at Promtractor.

Every year, 1-2 new models are introduced here, and about 20 new units of various equipment are in varying degrees of readiness.
Tractors like these are used for pipe laying.

Excavators "Chetra" are in no way inferior to foreign counterparts. And the price is even more affordable.

The abbreviation T-6 means a tractor weighing 6 tons.

T-11, respectively -?

By the way, CHETRA equipment was used in the construction of the largest infrastructure projects of our time, such as the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean, Sakhalin-2 pipelines, the Blue Stream, Vankor-Purpe, and Pochinki-Gryazovets gas pipelines.

Well, the show has begun! The bulldozer shows how the bucket can turn.

Enters the podium.

An egg and a matchbox are standing here for a reason.

A can of paint too.

But first, the bulldozer rises on the bucket and teeth located behind the machine and rotates the tracks.

Now for the accuracy test. Despite the huge weight of the machine and the apparent clumsiness, the operation to close the matchbox and gently break the shell is successful).

These machines even participated in the program "Minute of Glory", where they showed their extraordinary capabilities. In particular, one of the tractors "Chetra" drove over an improvised bridge of two ropes, I was impressed.

The show was followed by a ceremony. Chetra has a tradition of naming equipment after famous athletes. This time two loaders were honored: they were given the names of the 2013 Universiade champions, weightlifters Olga Zubova and Tatyana Kashirina

Moment of glory).

And now to the landfill. The photo shows the largest domestic bulldozer T-40. Soon I will sit in the driver's seat to steer it and roll the nearest photographer into the mud).

Inside the bulldozers sit girls working in enterprises. As if a hint that even a girl can handle the technique)

The camera is filming me. Waiting for me to finally fall under the tracks)

If you have a production or service that you want to tell our readers about, write to Aslan ( [email protected] ) and we will make the best report, which will be seen not only by readers of the community, but also by the site

The world of special equipment is striking in its diversity. However, for homemade appliances we watch with special tenderness. Your attention is presented with photos of equipment made by hand

And if the mini-equipment is made with your own hands for a personal farmstead and with a soul, then the work is argued twice as fast. In any case, I would like it to be so. He built a mini-excavator - and dug up the entire field, built a dumper - moved the soil. But this, as you know, depends on the hands that made it. Let's see what masterpieces of home-made equipment for a personal farmstead can be made by craftsmen!

So, the first photo of homemade equipment. We talked about thought... Forget it! Here she apparently left the master. To work on such a homemade mini-bulldozer, apparently, you need to jump into it from a running start. And calculate so as to fit into the window. And if you are more than one meter tall, then you are not destined to ride this masterpiece!

Photo source: youtube.com

A similar makeshift "structure". Here we see caterpillars, blade, everything is in order with the doors. In general - start and go. Dreaming of a red Ferrari? See how this mini bulldozer winks at you, Ferrari next not worth it!

Photo source: pikabu.ru

And here is a homemade dumper. How do you like this option? And the operator's seat is in place, and the hopper is not bad. Yes, and a do-it-yourself dumper is much cheaper.

Photo source: circus.ru

This homemade copy deserves all the praise and approval. And what an arrow! A feast for the eyes.

Photo source: efsim.ru

Homemade mini tractor. Details were a bit lacking.

Photo source: wikied.ru

When winter comes, the owners begin to think about how to remove snow from a large area. Many continue to think so until spring, and some take and make mini-equipment for their personal farmstead with their own hands. For example, here is a homemade snowplow.

Photo source: autosam.expert-club.com

Here the issue of snow removal is solved much more prosaically. Snow needs to be taken down. The most important thing in this process is to shout: "Spring, come, melt the snow!"

Photo source: yaplakal.com

Conceptually. Decoration for any garden! Depending on what mood, the exterior is selected. Do you want - in polka dots, you want - in stripes. And if you want - in a rusty piece of iron.

Photo source: megapolis-sb.ru

And you thought it was easy to deal with such a brood? I wonder what this homemade mini-loader is more intended for: to load, feed or scare?

Photo source: nakladaceavant.cz

Laugh. Of course, laugh! Like a loader from our last frame. Lies and giggles!

Photo source: doseng.org

Mini excavators are becoming more and more popular among Russian consumers every year.

Such a technique, despite its modest size, has all the functionality of its "older brothers" and at the same time has a number of advantages over them.

These include compactness, light weight, efficiency, ease of transportation to the place of work and relatively low cost.

Small size allows the use of mini excavators in a limited space, including indoors, where large-sized equipment cannot work. They are used during various construction and earthmoving works: digging pits, trenches for laying pipelines and cables, arranging landscape design of sites, etc.

In today's special equipment market, there are big choice models of mini excavators of foreign manufacturers. But the cost of such equipment is quite high and largely depends on the popularity of the manufacturer.

Therefore, for many consumers, purchasing it becomes unaffordable and alternative is an independent production of a mini excavator for your needs, which can significantly save the cost of purchasing it.

Photo of a homemade mini-excavator

Where to begin

The first step in the process of building a mini excavator with your own hands is to determine its type, which can be of two main options:

Removable attachments on existing special equipment, such as a mini tractor.
A fully autonomous model that can be self-propelled (wheeled or tracked) or as a trailer transported by other vehicles.

The advantage of the first option is the versatility of mini-equipment, which can perform various types of work by changing attachments. In the absence of such an opportunity, it remains to create an autonomous mini excavator.

At the same time, it should be noted that making a fully self-propelled model with your own hands, especially on a caterpillar track, is a rather laborious and costly process that requires appropriate technical knowledge and skills, as well as a large number of different Supplies and spare parts.

The simplest and least expensive option in this case is a homemade mini excavator based on a trailer in the form carrier frame with one wheel pair on which is installed autonomous engine internal combustion, hydraulic drive and directly excavator equipment.

Where to get blueprints

The next step in creating a homemade mini excavator is to select a specific model scheme that includes all necessary elements and standard sizes of individual parts and mechanisms.

At the same time, you can develop your own design, if you have the appropriate technical knowledge and skills for this, by calculating the required power of the engine, hydraulic pump and effort on the hydraulic cylinders, taking into account the nature of the future work performed.

You can also use already finished scheme developed by other craftsmen.

Ready-made drawings of various models of mini excavators and instructions for their manufacture can be found on many Russian and foreign sites on the Internet by entering the query "home-made mini excavator drawing" in the search bar of the browser.

However, one should take into account the fact that on most drawings presented on foreign sites, dimensions are indicated in inches. Therefore, for the convenience of further work, it is necessary to convert them to the metric system of measurements.

Having a specific scheme (drawing) in hand, it is necessary to make an approximate estimate for the purchase of the necessary spare parts and materials, as well as the availability necessary tool, equipment and skills to handle it. Thus, you can finally determine your capabilities and the prospects for self-manufacturing a mini excavator.

Design features

A homemade mini excavator, as a rule, has a classic layout and a backhoe work cycle scheme, like most industrially produced models of such special equipment.

The main elements of such a scheme include:

• carrier frame on wheels or caterpillars;
• an engine that drives a hydraulic pump;
• turntable on which the working equipment is mounted;
• hydraulic system, including a hydraulic pump, oil filter, hydraulic tank, distributor with control handles, working hydraulic cylinders and connecting pipelines (hoses);
• working equipment in the form of a two-section rotary boom with a bucket.

As a supporting element, you can take as a basis a frame from an old tractor or trailer, or make it yourself by installing an engine on it, fuel tank and at least one wheel axle, for example from a car. For greater stability and to prevent possible tipping during work, it is desirable to provide for the installation of two or four support shoes on the sides of the base frame.

In such homemade products, most often used Japanese engines power from 6.5 to 15 kW, distinguished by their compactness and reliability in operation.

Recently, their Chinese counterparts have also been popular, which are actually not inferior to them in terms of reliability and have a much lower cost (for example, Lifan brand motors). Rarely used for this various engines domestic production.

Selection of individual components of a mini excavator

The simplest option for assembling a homemade mini excavator is to purchase a ready-made boom with a hydraulic system, which are now offered by some manufacturers and install it on existing mini equipment or homemade frame with engine and hydraulic drive. This allows you to avoid many problems with setting up this equipment and the purchase of consumables and spare parts during its further operation.

However, the cost of such new equipment is quite high, so many do-it-yourselfers try to make its individual components on their own, using improvised materials or parts from old special equipment with some refinement.

Hydraulic system

The classic scheme of the excavator hydraulic system includes 4 main sections that control the operation of the turntable, lifting boom, stick and bucket. To simplify the assembly of a homemade mini excavator, the turntable device can be abandoned, limiting itself to installing the boom on a turntable directly attached to the supporting frame.

For a home-made version, you will need 4 hydraulic cylinders that provide turning and raising / lowering the boom, the working stroke of the handle and bucket control.

For this, hydraulic cylinders with suitable parameters from various types of special equipment can be suitable, for example, used to lift the cab of heavy vehicles (MAZ, KAMAZ, etc.).

hydraulic drive

The choice of a hydraulic pump depends entirely on the preferences and financial capabilities of the master. The gear pump is characterized by simple design, unpretentious operation and low cost. In contrast, an axial piston pump is more expensive, but has more power with the same overall dimensions.

As practice shows, in home-made mini-technology, the NSh-10 gear pump is most often used, complete with the R-16A distributor. To increase the required power, it is possible to use two such pumps and distributors simultaneously, which is often practiced. domestic producers special equipment.

gear pump

Working equipment

As mentioned above, the easiest way is to buy ready-made excavator equipment with an installed hydraulic system.

If the available finances do not allow this, then it is cheaper to make a lifting boom and a handle by welding from profiled pipes and blanks sheet metal required thickness, cut according to the available drawings.

Also, if possible, you can remove the boom from the old front loader, but it will have to be thoroughly modified.

In the photo, ready-to-install working equipment

The bucket of a mini excavator is its main working body, which takes the main load when excavating the soil. Therefore, for its manufacture, high-quality sheet steel with a thickness of at least 6-8 mm is required.

The blanks cut according to the drawings are thoroughly welded at all seams. To strengthen the structure, the bottom and upper edge along the entire perimeter are additionally reinforced with steel plates.

On the outer front edge of the bucket, "fangs" of extra hard alloys are additionally welded, for example, pins from caterpillar tractors.

It must be borne in mind that to assemble a homemade mini excavator, you will need certain spare parts and materials, as well as the need to carry out various types of plumbing, welding, turning and milling and other types of work.

Before making a decision about self-manufacturing, you need to assess the availability of the necessary parts and materials, your technical knowledge, skills and abilities and the availability of the necessary tools.

Otherwise, it may turn out that self-production of a mini excavator will cost more than buying an industrially produced model, which at the same time has much better technical specifications and more convenient to operate.

In the video, a homemade mini-excavator at work:

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Source: http://allspectech.com/stroitelnaya/jekskavatory/mini-ekskavatory/svoimi-rukami.html

We assemble a mini excavator with our own hands

Compact construction equipment, is very popular. Small dimensions, economical fuel consumption, and at the same time, the functionality of a full-fledged model is preserved. Excavators are no exception. Small earthmoving equipment, ideal for small construction companies, utilities and individuals.

Thanks to a wide range of attachments, a mini excavator is able to perform a wide range of jobs. But there is one problem here: such models cost from 300,000 rubles, so not every person can afford such a purchase. What to do in this case? There is only one way out: to design a mini-excavator with your own hands.

Preparatory stage of work

First you need to decide what kind of excavator you need. Small-sized earth-moving equipment is of two types: self-propelled or trailed.

In the first case, you will need an engine so that the excavator can move independently. In the second case, the equipment can be attached to a tractor or other tractor.

It is worth noting that mounted models are much easier to do with your own hands than self-propelled ones.

Any work on the creation of technology begins with drawings. This will help to better calculate the traction force, determine the amount of material, and think over appearance excavator. Drawings can be prepared independently, or you can use ready-made sketches on the Internet.

We select the necessary nodes

So that a compact excavator is practically inferior to heavier machines, it is made according to their model. Accordingly, a homemade model should have the following elements:

• Chassis. When creating a trailed version, a metal welded frame and one wheelset are suitable.
• Engine. Considering that the equipment will work with a tractor, a powerful power unit setting doesn't make sense. You can get by with a small engine with a power of 6.4 kW. This is enough to start the hydraulic pump.
• Platform. Here the main components and mechanisms will be located, steering and an operator's seat.
• Hydraulic system. This includes: pump, filter, connecting hoses and hydraulic distributors.
• Boom with bucket. This work item can be bought ready-made.

Getting Started

Some home craftsmen assemble a homemade mini-excavator from ready-made components. The necessary parts are purchased in stores, but in this case, it will be much easier and cheaper to buy a ready-made model. Therefore, we will consider the option of self-assembly from old parts.

The wheel axle from the old car trailer. From above, metal sheets are welded to the channel, this will be a platform for equipment.

Boom with bucket. If you do not have experience in assembling complex mechanisms, then it is better to buy a ready-made arrow. When making an arrow yourself, it is recommended to use pipes of round or square section, with a wall thickness of 6-8 millimeters. The boom consists of three parts, which are interconnected by hinges or bushings.

The bucket can be welded independently, from metal sheets. To make the structure strong enough, it is recommended to strengthen the upper part with an additional strip of metal, put in longitudinal stiffeners and make “fangs”. For the manufacture of bucket teeth, you can use metal "fingers" borrowed from the tracks of an old tractor.

Hydraulics. This is the most difficult element of a mini-excavator. The hydraulic system is responsible for the operation of the boom. In order for the boom to lower, turn and move, you will need 3 hydraulic cylinders. Another one will be responsible for managing the bucket. You can remove them from any old truck where the cylinders are responsible for lifting the cab.

It is almost impossible to make a hydraulic cylinder on your own, so do not waste time, but walk around car depots and garages. There you will surely find the part you need.

To hydraulic system worked, it is necessary to install the pump. The gear type pump NSh-10 is optimally suited. A four-section hydrodistributor P-16A or RGS-253 can be used with the pump. All hydraulic equipment is interconnected by hoses. The pump is connected to the engine, an oil tank is installed on the platform.

Finishing touches

As you can see, you can make a mini excavator with just a little effort. In principle, after the above assembly steps, home-made equipment is ready for operation.

To work comfortably, you can make a canopy or a small cabin from a metal profile. Install a car seat inside.

If you plan to work at night, it makes sense to think about lighting.

Before you start assembling, think about whether it would be better to purchase a ready-made mini-excavator? Homemade options are not much cheaper, and require certain skills during assembly.

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Source: http://mastertraktor.ru/dorozhnaya-texnika/mini-ekskavator-svoimi-rukami.html

Wooden children's toy - bulldozer

This bulldozer can not only push wooden blocks all over the children's room, but also collect compliments for you.

When the child will carry it around the "construction site", he will be able to raise and lower the blade, like a real road machine.

This toy continues the series of road construction projects started in the articles "Crane toy" and "Children's toy - front loader"

• Overall dimensions: width - 213 mm; length - 337 mm; height - 179 mm.
• Knife blade width, mm: 197.
• Ground clearance, mm: 6.
• Transmission: manual.
• Fuel: children's imagination.

Chassis manufacturing

1. Cut a 76 x 432 mm blank from a 38 mm thick walnut board (or glued from several layers).

Cut Chassis A out of this blank to the dimensions shown in the Materials List, and set the rest aside. On the chassis, mark the centers of the 9mm holes and chamfers (Fig. 1a).

Drill holes with a drilling machine. Use a band saw to file off the bevels, and then sand them down to the marking lines.

Fix the chassis A with a clamp on the workbench so that the part does not swing. Glue radiator B and press it with a clamp.

2. Make a copy of the heatsink template. Take the rest of the walnut blank, fix the template on its edge with spray glue, aligning with one of the ends, and cut along the contour with a band saw, and then sand the radiator V to the final form. Save the rest of the workpiece for the cabin).

Use a drill press to make a 5mm hole. Remove the paper template and wash off the traces of glue with mineral spirits, then cut the chamfers. Finish the chassis A and radiator V sandpaper number 220.

Glue the heatsink to the chassis flush with the front edge (photo A).

3. Cut out two blanks for side supports C (Fig. 2).

Make a copy of the appropriate template, attach it to the workpiece with spray adhesive, cut it out with a bandsaw and sand both parts to the final shape. .

Drill holes in the indicated places. Separate the parts, sand them with #220 sandpaper, and then chamfer along the top outer edges.

4. Cut out two spacers D for track rollers (Fig. 2a). Mark and drill holes in the indicated places, and then grind at the corners of the rounding with a radius of 10 mm.

Sand the parts with #220 sandpaper and glue them to the side supports. WITH by aligning the ends and the back side (Fig. 2).

When the glue dries, glue these assemblies C/D to chassis A in the middle of its length (Fig. 1a).

Glue the sidewalls E close to the back of the radiator B flush with the outer edges of the chassis A.

5. From a 19 mm walnut board, cut out two sides E.

Make a copy of the sidewall template, attach it to the blank with spray adhesive, drill a hole, cut along the contour and sand both sides to the final shape.

Separate the parts, sand them with #220 sandpaper, and then glue them to the chassis A-D and secure with clamps (photo B).

Add hull details

1. Cut two 19x76x76mm maple pieces and one 6x76x76mm walnut piece. Glue the bag of three blanks, placing the walnut in the middle and aligning the edges. 11 After drying thoroughly, make a copy of the hood template and attach it with spray adhesive.

Cut out the hood with a band saw and sand to the final shape. Drill a hole for the exhaust pipe (Fig. 1). Sand the part with #220 sandpaper and then mill 2mm bevels on the top front and two vertical ribs.

11glue the hood over the sidewalls E close to the radiator V.

2. Cut out the cabin base G, rear wall H and platform 1 (Fig. 1). The back wall must fit snugly between the two sidewalls. E.

To make the cabin, take the rest of the thick walnut blank and attach a paper copy of the cabin template to it with spray glue. Cut out with a band saw and sand the part to its final shape.

Then drill a hole in the indicated place and chamfer on both sides.

3. Cut out a 19x140x51mm blank for the side compartments TO. Mill 10 mm chamfers on both ends, and then saw the workpiece into two parts. Cut out the roof with a band saw L and chamfer the lower ribs (rice.

one). On a 10x22x102 mm workpiece, mill 2 mm chamfers on two ribs on the front side and saw off the posts M, adjusting their length to the distance between the roof and the side compartments of the cab. Sand all parts of the cockpit with #220 sandpaper.

Glue the side compartments K only to the platform I, not to the cabin J. Spring clips will help to clamp the parts in a tight space.

4. Brief advice! Remove clamps after five minutes. When gluing the parts from G to M in place, it is enough to press them with clamps for five minutes. The glue will already begin to set, and the part will not budge when you glue the next one.

Glue the base G to the sidewalls E close to the back of the hood F (Fig. 1). Then glue the back wall between the sidewalls H by sliding it close to the base of the cabin. After that, glue platform 1 to the base, aligning it in the middle of the width and pressing it against the hood.

Glue the cabin over the platform J close to the hood, also aligning it in the middle of the width. Add side compartments TO by gluing them to the platform (photo C). Align their ends with the chamfers of the cabin (Fig. 4).

Glue to the cab rack M, aligning them to the middle of the side compartments, and then add the roof L by gluing it to the cab.

Take care of the caterpillars

You can carefully position the tracks N, O using a ruler, pressing it against two wheels. Press the parts for a couple of minutes until the glue sets.

1. Take a walnut blank measuring 13x38x330 mm. Make two copies of the templates for the top and rear of the tracks, glue them to the edge of the workpiece. Cut out the parts of the caterpillars with a band saw N, O and sand them with #220 sandpaper.

2. Temporarily install the axles and tandem wheels on one side of the body A-M. Use the wheels as guides to place the track pieces to glue them in place (PhotoD). Let the glue dry for 30 minutes and then repeat the operation on the other side of the case.

blade blade manufacturing

1. Cut out the back of the blade R and set aside. Saw blanks for the top nozzle Q and side knives R (Fig.3).

Glue the templates to the blanks, then saw out both side knives at the same time, connecting them into a bag, and sand to the contour lines. Note.

Do not chamfer the ends of the top nozzle yet.

Drill holes in the top nozzle and side knives. On the top attachment, grind 2mm bevels along both top ribs, the lower front rib, and around the holes. Remove the templates and sand the details with #220 sandpaper.

2. Bevel the edge of the 19mm bottom knife blank S, and then file the workpiece to the final width (fig. for). Mill a 2mm bevel along the back rib and sand the part with #220 sandpaper.

3. Apply glue to the top and bottom edges of the back of the blade R and clamp the top nozzle Q and bottom knife S by aligning the back sides of the parts flush.

Once the glue is dry, glue the side knives to this assembly. R(photo E). Let the glue dry and then file the top corners with a band saw. (PhotoF).

Fix the glued parts of the P/Q/S blade on the workbench, then glue the side knives R, aligning them with the back side.

Before filing the corners of the P-S blade, level it horizontally with a board cutter. Remove sawing marks by sanding.

4. Plane the 102x330mm maple to 13mm thick. Saw off two slats 22 mm wide for the lower links from it T and brackets U. Saw off one bracket from each rail, and then saw off both rails to a width of 19 mm to make traction.

Cut the rest of the workpiece to a thickness of 10 mm and cut out two rails 16 mm wide for hydraulic cylinders V and struts W. Cut off the rest of the workpiece to a thickness of 6 mm and cut out blanks for the front pillars from it. X.

Make copies of templates for parts T-X and attach them to the corresponding blanks with spray adhesive. Cut out the pieces and sand them to the final shape. Drill holes in the indicated places, then sand with #220 sandpaper.

Mill 2 mm chamfers on the rods and hydraulic cylinders as indicated on the templates.

5. To assemble the blade, prepare the threaded stud pieces (Fig. 4).

Pair the front struts X with hydraulic cylinders V using 30mm pieces of stud and cap nuts.

(Both assemblies should be mirror symmetrical.) Attach these assemblies to the heatsink B (photoG).

Insert a 108 mm threaded stud through the hole in the X post, then through the heatsink B, and slide the second post on the other end.

Put the blade P, S on the workbench and attach the rods T. Then glue the struts W and brackets U. Fix the gluing with rubber rings.

With a threaded stud through the T link hole, add a nut, then two more after the first V-pillar and a fourth after the second V-pillar.

6. Connect the struts with 32 mm threaded studs W with brackets U and add cap nuts to get symmetrical assemblies. Temporarily attach tie rods T to side supports C (Fig. 4).

Put a rubber ring on each rod (photo H) before attaching the previously assembled moldboard to them with threaded studs and cap nuts PS.

Apply a dab of glue to each brace and bracket, then glue them in place, positioning the brackets behind the holes in the top attachment Q (photo H). Let the glue dry.

7. Remove the assembled blade R-X from the hull A-O and remove the rubber bands.

Attach the front struts with hydraulic cylinders to the blade X/V using a 194 mm threaded stud, four regular nuts and two cap nuts (photo I).

Reattach the tie rods T to side supports WITH and check how the dozer rises and falls.

Completion

1. Remove blade from body R-X and separate the parts fastened with threaded rods. Remove dual wheels. Wrap masking tape around the wooden axle shafts and the lower end of the exhaust pipe. Apply a finishing coat to all parts.

2. When the coating is completely dry, remove the masking tape and paste exhaust pipe in the hole in the hood F. Pass the axles through the holes of the wheels and track rollers, add washers (Fig. 1 and 2). Glue the axles into the spacer holes D, chassis A and sidewalls E.

3. Reattach the blade parts with the threaded studs and cap nuts. Pass the wooden axles through the holes of the rods T and insert their ends into the side supports WITH without pasting them.

Insert 22mm lengths of threaded stud into the rear holes of the links, apply thread sealant and tighten the cap nuts so that the dozer can rise and fall while remaining in position.

Now invite a small operator who will operate a powerful machine.

Recently, in a good company of bloggers, I managed to visit the Promtractor plant, which is located in the city of Cheboksary. The enterprise is part of the Tractor Plants concern and is engaged in the production of a wide range of tractors, bulldozers, pipelayers, excavators and other heavy equipment under the CHETRA brand.

Today, especially for the readers of the community, a report on how equipment is made for various needs and about the largest bulldozers in our country.

During the Soviet Union, the plant produced only one model - the heavy industrial tractor T-330. Now graders, bulldozers, excavators, all-terrain vehicles, loaders, pipelayers, loaders, forestry equipment and even rollers are produced here, more than 10 models of equipment are produced in total.

The plant has recently been modernized, equipped with new machines, in order to be competitive not only in our market, but also abroad.

The new machines allow you to make more diverse parts than was possible on the old Soviet counterparts.

Bulldozer parts are not small.

However, the plant also has a lot of old machines, both Soviet ones that perform only a few operations, and German ones, such as SCHISS machining complexes, which were bought in the mid-80s. The line is still in operation and consists of 25 machining centers, differing only in equipment and software. There was a rather cloudy glass, because the photo is like that.

The large workshops of the plant are not fully loaded, but parts are ready for assembly here and there.

The lines in one of the workshops serve such small automatic loaders, which themselves move along a certain trajectory, which is set by special marks built into the floor. You can see them in the photo too.

We found the plant during a shift change, because there were few workers, although, as they explained to us, only 20 people work in the machining shop. This is enough, because all the work is done by CNC machines, the workers only have to follow the process.

In Soviet times, the number of workers at Promtractor reached 30,000 people. The plant then produced about 2,000 T-330 tractors per year. Now the plant produces about 1,200 units of various equipment, and the staff is only 3,000 people.

In the neighborhood of modern automated centers there are also very old machines. This is a neighboring workshop - a transmission workshop.

On the floor there is a metal tile from the Soviet times, it is unlikely that time will be able to spoil it.

The capacities of the enterprise have not changed, although the number has decreased, but the range of manufactured equipment has significantly expanded. It used to be easier to produce a model of a single tractor than it is now to produce a dozen different models of machines, many of which are much heavier and more complex than the T-330.

The decrease in the number of employees was not only due to automation. Previously, Promtractor was a typical all-in-one plant for the USSR. It produced everything from nuts and bolts. But this is very inefficient, and now the production of very small parts is outsourced. The foundry was also withdrawn, which is handled by another plant as part of a single concern.

Old equipment is gradually removed from the workshops and goes to scrap metal. The vacated areas are occupied for other needs, like this shop for assembling transmissions for agricultural tractors.

On the walls of the plant there are posters depicting the products.

Ordinary Cheboksary workers.

Here is such a cool stall with nice girls right in the shop! True, it did not function, we never tried branded factory pies).

Soviet slogans are present in almost all factories created in Soviet times. True, not all of them survived, in contrast to this.

In addition to loader robots, there are other instances controlled by people. We can say rarities.

The details and the bodies of the machines themselves seem gigantic.

Here, as you can see, there is no conveyor. Each bulldozer is going to one place.

While some workers hid from the cameras, others, on the contrary, asked to be photographed.

At the last stage, as I understand it, caterpillars are put on.

Cosmonaut, worker and worker of cultural events?

We will soon have a test drive on these tractors.

Cabins and other exterior parts are painted in a modern paint booth using powder spraying.

This is how the cabin of the tractor "Chetra" looks like from the inside. There is no steering wheel here!

And these cabins will be installed on tractors of the Vladimir Tractor Plant

The assembled car is sent for testing, and after passing them, it is sent to the customer in one of 40 countries of the world. The CHETRA technique is widely in demand in Australia, Egypt, Indonesia, Mozambique, Syria, and South Korea. For testing, the plant has its own testing ground.
Loaders.

And now we are waiting for a small show, where we will be shown the capabilities of the "Chetra" technique.

Probably already paid attention to the corporate colors of "Chetra"?

The concept of a new S-33 mining dump truck with a payload capacity of 33 tons was also presented here. Now he is being tested. Those who have seen Volvo dump trucks will be able to find comparisons between them.

Soon it will go into production. In general, if earlier the plant produced only industrial tractors, now excavators are also being made here, and the production of dump trucks and even grain harvesters will soon begin. The production of Yenisei combine harvesters from Krasnoyarsk is transferred here to Promtractor.

This is done because the main consumers of this equipment are located in the European part of Russia, as well as the main suppliers of components, some of which are produced here, at Promtractor.

Every year, 1-2 new models are introduced here, and about 20 new units of various equipment are in varying degrees of readiness.
Tractors like these are used for pipe laying.

Excavators "Chetra" are in no way inferior to foreign counterparts. And the price is even more affordable.

The abbreviation T-6 means a tractor weighing 6 tons.

By the way, CHETRA equipment was used in the construction of the largest infrastructure projects of our time, such as the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean, Sakhalin-2 pipelines, the Blue Stream, Vankor-Purpe, and Pochinki-Gryazovets gas pipelines.

Well, the show has begun! The bulldozer shows how the bucket can turn.

Enters the podium.

V household, especially in winter, this idea of ​​\u200b\u200bconverting a walk-behind tractor into a bulldozer will come in handy. Snow in the yard will no longer be a problem for you, and its cleaning will turn into an interesting activity. The peculiarity of this model is that this device copes not only with snow, performing the tasks for which it was built, but can also cope with soil work. It is proposed to make such a bulldozer using the Skiper SK-800 walk-behind tractor as an example.

To eliminate slippage, special weighting agents weighing 35 kg each are mounted on the wheels. Now let's install our modification. Hole drilled and bushing inserted. The sleeve was scalded in a circle to fix it. It does not create any obstacles for work there, but there are many benefits from it.

Welded nuts with threads on both sides. The dump body itself is made from a barrel, that is, from the most improvised means. Holes for setting the angle of attack.

Please note that a bulldozer made from a walk-behind tractor starts up simply and the first time. Now let's do a test. As reliably shown in the video, the walk-behind tractor copes with its task easily. And although the blade was designed for snow removal, it is quite capable of the function of a tractor and a bulldozer. Please note - the walk-behind tractor works on idling. As we see in skillful hands The walk-behind tractor turns into a bulldozer and can also be used as an alternative to a tractor.

Recall that this device was made by hand and is designed to clear snow. As practice has shown, a walk-behind tractor on wide wheels and with weighting agents does not slip at all. This simple device fastens quickly with a few bolts. There will be a separate video about weighting agents.

discussion

max kachalkin
And the gearbox will not break from the fact that now there is weight on the wheels? This is probably the same thing if we hang 10 kg at our feet and walk, and we won’t pass 200 meters, but if the weight is distributed over the body, then everything is fine. What do you think about this?

Kupimtut. By video
+ max kachalkin is absolutely not the same. The load here is practically only on the tire of the wheel. And for her 30 kg means nothing. For the gearbox, an additional load arises only at the moments of acceleration. (This is when starting off. Well, start off smoothly and no load.). During the movement, the flywheel effect is used, which provides additional smoothness of movement (as in cars and tractors).

Max Berestov
competent weight distribution, much better than weighing the walk-behind tractor itself, where there will really be a load on the body, gearbox, and first of all the bearings suffer.

yurkaa
kupimtut. By video it's easier while the powder is, I eventually put on the chains then went. But sometimes they tear up. I would advise you to make a plane on the back side, it will be easier to move the snowdrifts.

kupimtut. By video
To be honest, I think so too. These motoblocks are missing low gear. Once I remember riding a caterpillar dt-75, so there is a separate reduction gearbox, in addition to the main one.

Bogdan meedun
very simple and affordable. I have a tarpan but it is without reverse gear and I also dream of converting it to winter period for snow removal. Question? Where did you get the wheels and how did you fit the mount?

Kupimtut. By video
such wheels were developed specifically for this model in the production of skiper. True, when buying, they were not in stock and had to wait until they appear and buy more. There was a moment when this model was sold out precisely because of the wheels. Theoretically, judging by other reviews, anything can be said and thought out. But in reality, as I saw - snow, sand, soil passes confidently even under load. It’s a pity the owner of this unit has now left, he would have posted the video in the snow. Theory and speculation are one thing, but practice and reality are quite another.

Kupimtut. By video
The response of the kupimtut channel: the blade was made by a Belarusian craftsman for himself and is intended exclusively for snow removal. He copes with this task completely. 100% cleaning of yards and territories adjacent to the house without effort and problems.

In fairness, I will quote the readable part of the remote:
“for those who are in the subject it is clear that this is crap. The blade for sand and earth has the wrong angle of attack, the blade is sharpened for snow, but it can only row snow in a straight line or downhill. The slightest rise and all, asshole. I have a walk-behind tractor with a blade and counterweights weighing 270 kg, and then it’s very hard to work on the lugs on the rise ”

answer from kupimtut channel: the adapter is not designed for sand and earth. The video shows this way - due to the lack of snow and for a visual assessment of the power of the skipper walk-behind tractor. Grousers sold by the user as unnecessary.

Kupimtut. By video
+ boris yurchenko yes, just lucky - there was such a blank. It is fastened from the inside with bolts (there is a thread in the blank. The same bolts as the wheels. I know a person who can do it.