Homemade all-terrain vehicles and other off-road vehicles are often made on the basis of a walk-behind tractor. There are several reasons for this:

• there is an energy-rich transport unit with high traction characteristics, assembled on a frame;
• engine and transmission controls have been moved to comfortable handles;
• The weight of walk-behind tractors is low; they can be transported to the desired location in the trunk, body or on a car trailer.

For hunting and fishing, a lightweight mini all-terrain vehicle is quite in demand. But the industry has not yet seen commercial prospects in creating kits attachments, which converts a serial walk-behind tractor into an off-road vehicle. There are quite interesting examples of the creation of such machines. Do-it-yourselfers created role models with their own hands. There is room for ideas when developing new interesting devices.

Features of all-terrain vehicles made from a walk-behind tractor

The main components that you should purchase or make yourself for a vehicle based on a walk-behind tractor:

• frame, it serves to organize a mobile vehicle;
• the rear axle is needed to install the rear wheels;
• a seat for the driver, it is advisable to protect it from moisture and dirt from under the wheels;
• A lighting system is needed to move safely at any time of the day.

An all-terrain vehicle based on a walk-behind tractor is created as a single-seater vehicle. Its load capacity should be about 200 kg. The width is calculated based on the conditions of tipping resistance, usually it is 1100 mm or more.

Modern walk-behind tractors Neva, Ugra, MTZ and others are equipped with engines with a power of more than 10 hp. This power is enough to move at speeds of more than 10 km/h. On off-road roads, when passing through mud or swampy places, the speed may decrease to 1-2 km/h.

How to make a homemade wheeled all-terrain vehicle

An example of a drawing of an all-terrain vehicle on tires low pressure

It makes sense to equip the basic unit. The reason is that the best torque figures are gasoline and diesel engines have at rotational speed crankshaft approximately 75-85% of the maximum.

The engine must have a forced cooling system. When driving at low speed, the oncoming flow will not be enough to maintain optimal thermal conditions.

All-terrain vehicle frame

An example of a frame-fracture drawing

A frame is created between the front and rear axles. It is better to use profile pipes of rectangular or square cross-section as the basis. They provide greater rigidity than rolled angles, channels and I-beams of the same mass.

The joining of the frame elements of a wheeled all-terrain vehicle can be rigid, then it will be formed in a single-volume format. When using heavy Neva or MTZ walk-behind tractors, this option will be preferable.

As an option, a breakable frame (fracture) is made; this option is used for areas with a complex profile. Here the articulation is performed through the king pin. The front and rear axles have independent suspension from each other. Craftsmen create such all-terrain vehicles based on the Neva and Ugra walk-behind tractors.

For hunting and fishing, it is better to have a wheeled all-terrain vehicle with a breakable frame. Its maneuverability is higher than when using a rigid frame design.

Rear axle and suspension of a homemade all-terrain vehicle

To simplify the design, some DIYers use a ready-made rear axle from passenger car. For example, from the Moskvich-412 car: its low weight allows installation on a light all-terrain vehicle. The suspension is performed on shock absorbers for a smooth ride and reduced vibration.

Other masters do independent suspension on each rear wheel. This approach is implemented on the Ant scooter. When driving, a slight sway is felt, at the same time the wheels experience less resistance on uneven surfaces, and fuel consumption is noticeably reduced.

The rear axle is connected to the frame with long, hardened bolts. For elastic joints, rubber inserts are used, for example, silent blocks. It improves performance characteristics all-terrain vehicle based on a walk-behind tractor.

Rear axle on skis is used in winter. The resistance to movement is minimal, the design is greatly simplified.

Wheels (low pressure chambers)

To move on wet and unstable ground, you can use lugs. They provide high grip. Large-diameter low-pressure chambers perform even better. Pneumatics have minimal ground pressure, and the presence of air contained in the all-terrain vehicle’s chambers will make it possible to create a floating all-terrain vehicle.

For installation on the rear axle, homemade or special wheels for all-terrain vehicles, swamp vehicles and snowmobiles are used. They can be purchased assembled or as separate elements: tire, tube, disc. The wheel is easy to assemble.

You can increase the cross-country ability of regular wheels on low-pressure chambers by creating an additional tread. For example, additionally secure the cameras with chains, conveyor belts, homemade tracks or another method.

Another option is to cut a patch lug from the tire. The depth of the structure’s hook reaches more than 20-25 mm. Rolling resistance increases, while at the same time the slip coefficient decreases sharply.

Assembling a homemade all-terrain vehicle from a walk-behind tractor

When all the tools, spare parts and components are prepared, you can begin assembly. This is a rough plan for how to assemble a homemade all-terrain vehicle, it all depends on the chosen design.

1. A walk-behind tractor is installed on a welded or finished frame.
2. The rear axle and, if necessary, the front axle are mounted.
3. The seat is placed on the frame.
4. If provided in the drawing and diagram, the steering control is installed.
5. The protection is attached to the frame; it is made of plastic or metal sheet.
6. The future driver should try out the comfort of the landing; if necessary, auxiliary devices are provided to adjust the landing.
7. The functionality of the brakes is checked.
8. Electrical circuits and lighting fixtures are installed.

As production progresses individual elements and nodes are checked for their functionality. A fivefold safety margin is provided here.

After completing the bench tests, they begin the field tests. You need to know how the car behaves in difficult conditions.

Buy a hitch and a trailed one for a walk-behind tractor in online stores

DIY tracked all-terrain vehicles

The use of tracks will help reduce the specific pressure on the ground. The weight is distributed over the entire area of ​​the tracks. Such an all-terrain vehicle propulsion system based on a walk-behind tractor is capable of overcoming sand, wetlands, steep climbs and other obstacles.

Some DIYers make metal tracks for tracks from plates more than 5 mm thick. Rings from water pipes are welded to the plates. Another option for making tracks is made entirely of PVC pipes, cut lengthwise. The tracks are attached to each other on a conveyor belt or other base.

It is easier to make tracks from composite materials. For this purpose, fiberglass and epoxy resin are used. Glass-polymer reinforcement is used as a frame. Track tracks are made in special molds. After making the required quantity, they are assembled into a caterpillar. When making tracks from composite materials, articulation elements made from wear-resistant steels are used.

There are options for using tracks made of wood. They will need to be impregnated with protective mixtures.

The easiest way to make tracks for an all-terrain vehicle based on a walk-behind tractor is to use a conveyor belt. One track requires two stripes. They are connected into a ring, and then a caterpillar is created using sections of steel pipe.

In the video you can see an option for making a waterproof case that is kept afloat. In this case, the caterpillar propulsion device will allow you to move not only on land, but also on water. The result will be an amphibious all-terrain vehicle. It will be indispensable for hunting and fishing.

Dear visitors of the site “SAMODELKINDRUG”, in this article you will be presented with an all-terrain vehicle with caterpillar tracks. Today, all-terrain vehicle construction is very well developed in our Country, because there are practically no roads, and in winter it is completely impossible to get through the countryside. The guys who are engaged in hunting and fishing build all-terrain vehicles right in their garages from scrap metal and junk cars.

The tracks are made of conveyor belt and profile, the road wheels are wheels from a motor scooter. The balancing suspension is made of springs. The body of the all-terrain vehicle has a waterproof bottom and can float, for which it has a boat electric motor powered by on-board network cars.

Mat part of the all-terrain vehicle:

Time and year of creation 2009.
Has 3 seats. Driver and 2 passengers,
The mass of the all-terrain vehicle is 900 kg. Buoyancy reserve up to 350 kg.
Floating: Due to tracks + Minn Kota boat electric motor, which receives power from the on-board network
Fuel consumption: Approximate, 50l 1/100
Maximum speed is 63 km/h.
Transport speed is 35 km/h.
Engine from VAZ-21213.
Gearbox from VAZ-2101.
There are 2 radiators installed. From UAZ and from Lada Priora.
There is no reduction gear.
The turn is made by braking the drive wheel mounted on the rear axle of the VAZ-21-1.
The rear axle is used from a VAZ-2101. Gear ratio 1/4,3.
Brakes from VAZ-2101, drum.
Caterpillar with a total length of 621 cm and a width of 35 cm.
The tracks are made of conveyor belt with a thickness of 15 mm and a width of 100 mm.
The tracks are made of profile 60*20*3 mm, length 330 mm.
Instead of road wheels, pneumatic wheels from a 4.00-10 scooter with a camera were used.
The suspension of the roller hubs is individual.
The track is tensioned using the rear idler. The sloth's suspension is articulated with a shock absorber.
The suspension of the rollers is balanced in the form of UAZ springs with a length of 500 mm.
The frame is welded from a profile 50x25x3 mm.
The bottom lining is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
The casing is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
Unlike other home-made cars, the interior heating is made from a VAZ stove. Panel
Engine compartment.
Track rollers.
Seat for driver and navigator.
A summer fishing trip.
To overcome water obstacles, there is a boat electric motor, which, when boosted, is installed in the stern of the machine. Balancer mounting location.
Track tension.
The drive sprocket teeth are made of HDPE (low-density polyethylene)
Spring mounting drawing.
The drive sprocket has 8 teeth.
They are attached to the disk with two bolts.
Track rollers from a scooter.
To enable turning, a disc brake is installed on each track. It turns by braking one of the tracks.
The author also presented video material from testing the all-terrain vehicle for cross-country ability on snow-covered roads and snowdrifts.

This is such a wonderful all-terrain vehicle that our author came up with. Also, to heat the interior, the master installed a stove from a VAZ car

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"Parma" cuts through the swamps and off-road terrain of our vast country.

All data is taken from the forum of the website "Lunokhodov.Net", where he shares his experiences and skills under the nickname mishanya68.

The tasks initially assigned to the all-terrain vehicle builder.

IN technical requirements and wishes the following points:
1. confident movement on snow of average depth and density for the Urals.
2. capacity 2 people, plus 50-80 kg of cargo.
3. at a minimum, must confidently float on the water (the main use is fishing and buoyancy for safety).
4. The main application is snow and ice 90%, the rest is autumn and spring - snow and mud.
5. Maximum use of ready-made serial parts and assemblies.

In connection with this project, I once again re-read the topics on “Tazik”, “Luntik”, “Barsik” and “Yukon” - these are ready-made all-terrain vehicles described on the website “Lunokhodov.Net”. Many thanks to the authors of the projects for sharing their experience, developments and drawings that they used.

Based on the experience of previous builders, I outlined an approximate design
1. turn on a differential with a rear axle, but we’ll install a cylindrical one.
2. 2-cylinder engine, made in China with a cylinder capacity of 690 cubic mm.
3. transmission: belt variator - VAZ 5-speed gearbox - rear axle from VAZ.
4. dimensions 2500x1750 mm.

The rear axle is taken from a classic Zhiguli. Instead of wheels, there are sprockets (drive wheels for the caterpillar)

The beam was used. After disassembling, after checking for straightness, I cut off the excess and immediately cleaned it, cleaning it with flap wheels with 40 grit. It turned out quite quickly, 1.5-2 hours for everything, and cleaning took about 30 minutes. But this time is then saved on welding and painting.

Engine made in China.

Drawings have been developed for the production of guides that are attached to the inside of the track belt and prevent the tracks from coming off during movement and turns.

The axle shaft is factory.

The axle shaft is purchased, find the differences! Therefore, it was decided to leave the factory axle shafts, but with replacement of the bearings.

I bought belts for the production of tracks in a rubber products store at a repair plant in Perm.

Can you be more specific: what is “increased strength”??? In numbers. 4 spacers is good, 12 mm is not too much?

The strength of the tape is created by the gaskets - the rest is rubber, which itself does not bear the load, BUT protects the gaskets from damage. For example, I took one so that on one side (outer) there was 3-4 mm, and on the other (inner) - 1 mm. WITH inside practically no damage is expected, and excess thickness means excess weight and not a small one! As for the gaskets - they are ALWAYS the same thickness - 1mm, the rest depends on their quantity!

By meter: I took 4 pieces. with a length of 6.5 m, width - 150mm, thickness - 8mm, ply - 7. It came out to 10 thousand rubles.

I began to weld the frame of the future all-terrain vehicle. Some call it a frame, some a boat, some a skeleton, but the author calls this structure a keel, since the all-terrain vehicle is more intended for swimming.

The rounded front of the keel should improve the buoyancy quality of the homemade car.

It was decided to make an all-terrain vehicle without a balancer, since it is intended for travel in winter, the roads are smoother, the weight of the structure is reduced, and it is technically easier to implement.

The frame is assembled with support rollers on both sides, the wheels used are the most common and common R 13 from VAZ, the bottom of the star is raised from the floor level by 350 mm, the wheel has a diameter of 570 mm.

Preparing tracks for making caterpillars.

Plates for fastening.

Drilling template.

Ready-made holes on conveyor belts for making caterpillars.

Drilling holes according to the template.

Assembly.

A device for drilling holes in rubber using the punch method, but here you do not need to hit the punch, it is clamped into the drill chuck and the rubber is cut, very good holes are obtained and less effort is needed.

You can watch the video how this is done.

Photo of a device clamped into a drill chuck.

Photo of a device for bending pressure plates and bent plates.

One caterpillar is ready.

Safety precautions. To avoid the pain of hitting the ends of the pipe and getting scratched, it is better to protect yourself, at least with gloves.

The caterpillar fits around the sprocket, all tracks are in contact with the teeth.

Front view.

The tension mechanism is made so that both sloths are tensioned at the same time, there are pros and cons of this method. Plus the largest - the same tension of the tracks, provided that the tracks are the same during manufacturing and are equally stretched, ease of execution and more reliable fastening of the sloth axle. If these conditions are met, straight driving is ensured.

Disadvantages: poor sealing of the boat, since the sloth shaft runs inside the boat; if one caterpillar falls off, both sides relax in order to put it on. Also to be removed for repairs if necessary.

Plates for fastening tension mechanisms.

The jibs and amplifiers are welded.

Bridge fastening.

Installing disc brakes on a VAZ axle, due to the braking of the drive wheels, the all-terrain vehicle will turn while driving.

The guides are on the inside of the caterpillar, on the upper fold along the edges of the fang it is pressed 9 mm, this is with a plate width of 40 mm, steel thickness is 2.5 mm. this is the limit for a press with a force of 10 tons.

Guides, with a plate welded inside for fastening to the tracks.

A device for making guide plates using a press.

This will guide the tension wheel.

The guide plate touches the brake hose from the disc brakes on the sprocket, so it needs to be changed brake hoses and install from Niva.

The gaps between the guides for the passage of the caterpillar along the track sprocket are acceptable.

All plates are chopped and bent.

The caterpillar is the most labor-intensive and labor-intensive part of the all-terrain vehicle.

The track and sprocket must interact with each other without binding at the entrance or exit of the sprocket. The check has been completed.

Watch the video.

Engine installation.

Installation of the clutch and gearbox.

Installing the cardan.

Variator on the engine pulley. The transmission has only positive results so far; Kayurov’s variator works very well with the Chinese engine. At first there were problems with the belt releasing at idle, but after adjusting the carb, everything returned to normal. It releases completely at approximately 1000-1100 engine rpm, gripping at approximately 1500-1700 rpm. Fully compressed at about 2500-2800 rpm.

I couldn’t understand why, by ear, the maximum speed was less than 3000 rpm, then I saw the throttle limiting bolt was fully tightened, the Chinese apparently tightened it for a quiet break-in, and also completed the control levers.

The first departure took place. First impressions are great.

Everything I said about differential rotation is not entirely true. There are points about which a little later. The all-terrain vehicle is still quite light and nimble.

It rolls around the garage with its hands into one person, turns around into two people. In the video, the surface is compacted snow, gear is first and a third of the gas, I press the levers with one finger, there is almost no noise from the stars.

I finished work with the controls (gear shifter and throttle drive), and also made the cardan protection frame. Made a short trip. Now everything works fine. Tomorrow I'll take everything apart for welding the boat and painting it.

I disassembled the all-terrain vehicle for welding and painting.

He turned over on his back.

I scalded the bottom, the sides remained and can be painted.

The braces are installed.

The pulley shaft is inside the casing.

I scalded the sides and painted them.

Painted everything inside.

The gearbox is outside with a plug for filling oil and the differential.

Many residents of northern latitudes and places with poor cross-country ability are engaged in the development and assembly of various off-road vehicles. Tracked all-terrain vehicles are no exception. There are a large number of different options for creating such technology. But the most problematic issue for all-terrain vehicle designers is the manufacture of tracks.

You can, of course, use factory-made ones, but having completely assembled an all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, you want to have caterpillars of your own production. Today, there are several options for creating such propulsors, which practically do not differ in their technical characteristics from factory ones.

A simple version of caterpillars

The simplest option for snowmobiles is made from a conventional roller-bushing chain and conveyor belt. Moreover, its production does not require any special equipment or tools. In this case, the work can be done almost in the middle of the living room.

In order for the conveyor belt to serve for a long time, it is necessary to sheathe its edges with fishing line with a distance between stitches of about one centimeter. This activity is very similar to seamstress stitching fabric. In any case, such firmware will prevent the tape from unraveling while driving. You can fasten the ends together in any suitable way. A swivel joint similar to a piano hinge might work for this, or just sew it together, but it's unlikely to last long.

The thickness of the conveyor belt depends on the power power unit. If the all-terrain vehicle has an engine from a Soviet-made motorcycle, then a tape 0.8 - 1 cm thick, used on conveyors in agriculture. To give the track rigidity, it is necessary to attach a bushing-roller chain to its inner part. This can be done using bolts or rigid steel wire. The main thing is that the chain fits tightly into the surface of the conveyor belt.

Caterpillars made in this way are distinguished by their long-term operation, although simple to produce. In addition, if necessary, you can easily carry out repairs, even in the field.

Tire propellers

Many owners of snowmobiles use regular car tires as tracks for their equipment. For these purposes, you need truck tires, and you should choose them with the required pattern so as not to complicate your work in the future.

To make a caterpillar mover from a tire, you need to cut off the sides, leaving only the part with the tread. This activity takes a lot of effort and requires patience, since the work requires only a well-sharpened shoe knife.

In order to make manufacturing a little easier, you need to periodically wet the knife with soapy water, which will make the process of cutting rubber easier. Some use specially designed devices for these purposes. You can also use an electric jigsaw with a fine-tooth file attached to it. It also needs to be watered with soapy water.

The first step is to cut off the beads from the tire. Next, if necessary, you need to remove several inner layers in the resulting track. This is done to give it softness. If the tread pattern is not satisfactory, then you should start cutting a new one, which is quite a painstaking task.

This type of track lugs has one undeniable advantage over the previous option. Since it is solid, without joints, its reliability is much higher. One of the negative aspects is the small width of the track, but to increase it, two or three tires can be spliced ​​together.

Belt tracks

The ease of manufacturing of such tracked propulsion systems is increasingly attracting all-terrain vehicle owners to use them on their vehicles. Belts with a wedge-shaped profile are assembled into a single structure using lugs, which are attached to the belts using rivets or screws.

As a result, it turns out that the caterpillar track already has holes for the sprocket. To do this, it is necessary to lay the belts at small intervals.

Making tracks for an all-terrain vehicle

The name all-terrain vehicle refers to a vehicle with increased cross-country ability. These include tractors, snowmobiles, SUVs and tanks. Since often from improvised vehicles. Initially, this involves motorcycles or scooters, but the end result is a vehicle that is not afraid of either off-road or dirt. All terrain the all-terrain vehicle mainly depends on its tracked propulsion, which fits onto the wheels.

In this version, the caterpillar will have four stripes 5 centimeters wide. They must be cut from a regular conveyor belt. Then connect the sides using a P-shaped profile. Next, you need to make balancers. Using a stamp, you need to make parts for the floor of the wheel from sheet steel. After this, it is necessary to make hubs from bronze. The half wheels should be connected with six bolts. The balancers are ready.

The next step is to produce the shafts for the track support drums. They should have holes for the bearings. Drums can be made from duralumin blanks. When connecting them together, you need to insert a rubber sprocket. It turns out that the caterpillar is driven by a drive sprocket with a chain drive. It is installed on the rear fork.
After which the entire caterpillar should be assembled into a single whole.

The vertical arc must be equipped with a steel bushing through which the wheel axle passes. A mechanism is attached to the eye on this bushing that secures the structure of the rear fork. Track balancers are attached to the remaining ears of the all-terrain vehicle. The mover is ready to use.

As you can see, you can make a caterpillar in different ways, the main thing is to have patience and desire.

67-year-old resident of the city of Topki, Ivan Sardaev, began inventing and creating various vehicles almost 20 years ago.
In 1993, he, along with his wife, daughter and son, returned from Vorkuta to the city of his childhood and built a house in four months. It turned out to be large, spacious, with an area of ​​150 square meters.

Well, about four years after we moved and settled down, I got tired of removing snow in the winter after a blizzard: you work with a shovel, and your hands get tired. Whether you like it or not, you inevitably begin to think with your head,” the pensioner laughs.

Snow removal equipment by Ivan Sardaev.

In the beginning there were scooters

Ivan Vasilyevich admits: he has been fascinated by technology since childhood. While still a child, he assembled scooters, either on bearings or with wheels from a baby stroller. But it was back in 1997 that a tricycle snowplow became his first full-fledged invention. It was unusual - it had two wheels in front, and one - steerable - behind. As the inventor now recalls, the machine was weak - it could only rake snow on the paths. He decided to improve it and assembled a slightly more complex model, then another. And then he became so involved in the process that he began to create snow blowers with buckets and rotary auger machines. And not only them.

Topkinets' very first snow blower was three-wheeled.

In 2007, in the magazine “Modelist-Constructor” Ivan Sardaev even published an article about three of his models, and two years later - about security system. He invented it and installed it in his house; if necessary, it transmits a signal to his mobile phone.

Several bucket snow blowers, a couple of rotary augers and a couple of pneumatic snowmobiles - this is an incomplete list of mobile equipment that Ivan Vasilyevich collected until 2013. And all this in his free time - despite his age, he still fixes people's TVs. And four years ago, his son gave him a computer, and when the pensioner mastered the Internet, new ideas appeared. One of the latest ideas was to make a crawler-mounted all-terrain vehicle with my own hands.

And the roof is from Moskvich

He began implementing the plan in 2015, and it took Ivan Sardaev a year and a half to create the unusual car. Most of the parts in the S-10 all-terrain vehicle, the name the inventor gave his brainchild - from the Zhiguli different model. The rear axle, engine and gearbox are from the “classics”, the rollers in the tracks are wheels from the eleventh VAZ model. Many parts were collected from neighbors, who, by the way, admire the master’s golden hands, or were picked up at auto dismantling yards and metal collection points. The roof of the all-terrain vehicle is from Moskvich, but the tracks had to be thought out and assembled by myself down to the last detail. For them, the inventor was even forced to buy a conveyor belt in the store.
A pneumatic snowmobile is another machine, collected by hand TV masters from Topki.


IN total Ivan Vasilyevich spent more than 30 thousand rubles on certain purchases for his brainchild.

Most of all I had to tinker with the tracks,” the pensioner admits. - It was a very painstaking work that required special care. After all, if you bend it wrong, you’ll miss it a little and that’s it, either the teeth will catch or the tape will move, and in both cases the car won’t move.

This is what the all-terrain vehicle looked like in the summer of 2016.

The Topkin resident is currently testing his all-terrain vehicle. By smooth road it can move at a speed of 35 - 40 kilometers per hour, and on virgin snow the speed is reduced by about half. By the way, instead of a steering wheel, it has two control levers, like a tractor, and for the driver and passenger - a two-seater all-terrain vehicle - it is always warm, the interior is heated by two stoves.

For now, Ivan Sardaev does not drive his invention further than the yard and street where his house is located. But in the future, after the car will pass tests at other times of the year, hopes to register it, as expected. But the creator does not want to sell it, even for 350 thousand rubles, at which such equipment was valued on one of the sites. You need such an all-terrain vehicle yourself.
Tracked all-terrain vehicle S-10 of a Kuzbass pensioner. Ivan Sardaev worked on the all-terrain vehicle for a year and a half. The engine is VAZ-2103, the cabin is the top of the Moskvich-2140 cabin.