Cereal flour and any technical

bunker

Downtime norms for onboard vehicles when loading and unloading bulk cargoes in a mechanized way (min. per 1 ton)

Shipping Name	Way	Carrying capacity of onboard vehicles, t
loading	unloading	Over 1.5 to 3.0	Over 3 to 5	Over 5 to 7	Over 7 to 10	Over 10 to 15	Over 15 to 20
Fertilizers, manure, etc.	Excavator up to 1 cu. m	Scrapers, nets
Excavator from 1 to 3 cu. m	Scrapers, nets
Cereals (rye, barley, wheat, etc.)	Bunker, grain loader, conveyor	Car unloader
Vegetables (potatoes, beets, etc.)	From the harvester bunker, by loader	Car-le unloader

Standards of downtime for on-board vehicles during loading and unloading by cranes, forklifts and other similar mechanisms of packaged and unpackaged goods that do not require special devices for their fastening (min.)

	Mass of cargo with simultaneous lifting of the mechanism, t
	Up to 1.0	Over 1.0 to 3.0	Over 3.0 TO 5.0	Over 5.0
Over 1.5 to 3.0
Over 3.0 to 5.0
Over 5.0 to 7.0
Over 7.0 to 10.0
Over 10.0 to 15.0
Over 15.0 to 20.0
Over 20.0

Norms of downtime for on-board vehicles for loading and unloading cargo in packages in a mechanized way and piece rates (min. per 1 ton)

Car load capacity

Pallets gross weight, t

gantry, overhead and other cranes

auto and electric forklifts

Norms of downtime for tank trucks when loading and unloading bulk cargo

Operating volume of the tank, cub. m, thousand liters
By gravity	With a pump	Filling with a pump, draining by gravity, and vice versa
	dark oil products	food cargo and light oil products	dark oil products	food cargo and light oil products	dark oil products
Up to 1.5
Over 1.5 to 3.0
Over 3.0 to 5.0
Over 5.0 to 7.0
Over 7.0 to 10.0
Over 10.0 to 15.0
Over 15.0 to 20.0
Over 20.0

Norms of downtime for tank trucks when loading through the top hatches and unloading by gravitational and pneumatic methods

Operational volume of the tank, thousand liters, cubic meters m	Norm of time for the operational volume of the tank, min.
mealy raw materials
Up to 3.0
Over 3.0 to 5.0
Over 5.0 to 7.0
Over 7.0 to 10.0
Over 10.0 to 15.0
Over 15.0 to 20.0
Over 20.0

Note. The norms take into account the additional time for blowing the tank and blowing out the discharge hose.

Downtime rates for flatbed trucks and container carriers when loading or unloading containers with cranes, forklifts and other similar mechanisms

Note. The time norms include the time required for loading (unloading) cargo with a towing or carrying cargo, maneuvering a car (road train), tying and untying the cargo, covering the cargo with tarpaulin and removing the tarpaulin, opening and closing the sides (doors) of the car and trailers, and also registration of documents for the import (export) of goods. The specified downtime standards also apply to tractors with semi-trailers.

Downtime norms for flatbed trucks and vans of general purpose during manual loading and unloading of bulk, packaged and unpackaged goods

Standards of downtime for onboard vehicles when manually loading or unloading goods into a container without removing it from the vehicle

Container weight, t	Vehicle idle time rate when loading or unloading cargo, min.
for the first container	for the second and each subsequent container in this trip
Up to 0.5
Over 0.5 to 1.25
Over 1.25 to 2.0
Over 2.0 to 3.0
Over 3.0 to 5.0
Over 5.0 to 10.0
Over 10.0 to 20.0
Over 20.0

Downtime standards for specialized rolling stock for container transportation of goods when loading or unloading containers using lifting equipment

rolling stock	Downtime rate when loading or unloading one container, min.
Weight of one container, t
up to 0.25	from 0.25 to 0.45	from 0.45 to 0.625		2,5 (3,0)
Self-loader with tail lift (TsPKTB A130 model)
Van with tail lift (TsPKTB model - A130F)
Self-loader with crane installation 4030P
Self-loader with portal crane based on ZIL-130 (model NIIAT-A825)
Self-loader with portal crane (model NIIAT-P404)
Self-loader with portal crane based on KamAZ-5320 (model 5983)
Semi-trailer self-loader HLS-200.78 TK

Note. The downtime rate for loading or unloading a vehicle is determined by multiplying the time rate set for one container by the number of containers.

Norms of idle time of cars when performing additional work while loading or unloading goods

Name of works	Downtime, min.
1. Weighing the cargo on truck scales: 1.1. For each determination of the weight of the load in a car or trailer (weighing an empty and loaded car or trailer), regardless of the class of cargo and the carrying capacity of the car
1.2. For each determination of the weight of cargo in a road train (weighing an empty and loaded vehicle with a trailer or semi-trailer), regardless of the class of cargo and the carrying capacity of the vehicle
2. Weighing or reweighing of cargo on decimal or centesimal scales on a car (road train) with a carrying capacity, t: up to 4 inclusive more than 4 up to 7 inclusive more than 7
3. Recalculation of packages for each car, semi-trailer or trailer, regardless of the class of cargo and carrying capacity
4. Arrival at each intermediate point of loading or unloading, regardless of the carrying capacity of the vehicle (truck)

Time limits for uncoupling and hitching exchange semi-trailers

Table 7.13

Estimated mileage rates trucks

The time standards for 1 t-km H (vr) are calculated using the following formula:

60 N(vr) = -------,
V xp x q

where 60 is a conversion factor of 1 hour per minute; V is the estimated mileage of a truck, km/h; P is the mileage utilization factor, (3 = 0.5; q is the carrying capacity of the car, i.e.

a) when working outside the city:

b) when working in the city - regardless of the type of road surface for cars and road trains with a carrying capacity of up to 7 tons (tanker truck up to 6 thousand liters) - 25 km per hour, and for 7 tons (tanker truck 6 thousand liters) and above - 24 km in hour.

During the time the driver of the car works on the roads of various groups in one trip, the time norms for single trips are set on the prevailing group of roads.

Estimated mileage rates for trucks can be reduced by the head of the enterprise:

when transporting goods that require special care (acids, flammable substances, liquids in glassware, glassware, musical instruments, televisions, radio products, appliances, etc., as well as cargo in bulky oversized containers, lightweight cargo transported with linkage by loading height in excess of the established vehicle dimensions, dusty (cargo, explosives) - up to 15%;

when working at a distance of up to 1 km, as well as in off-road conditions, in quarries and on hard-to-reach sections of the path (during thaw, in the absence of roads, etc.) - up to 40% against the norms established for natural dirt roads;

when working at a distance of more than 1 to 3 km on the roads of groups A, B, C - up to 20%.

When a tractor is working with a semi-trailer, the time norms per 1 tkm are taken with a coefficient of 1.2, and when working with a semi-trailer and a trailer or two trailers, respectively, - 1.0.

For goods of the 4th class, providing a load capacity utilization factor below 0.5 when the vehicle is fully loaded in terms of dimensions using extended sides, it is allowed to set time standards according to the actual vehicle load capacity utilization factor.

In cases where, as a result of the use of extended boards and other similar measures during the transportation of goods of the 2nd-4th classes, the carrying capacity of the vehicle is fully used, correction factors for time standards are not applied.

Time limits for 1 ton km when working on cars of group I (on-board cars and general purpose vans)

Vehicle load capacity, t	Norm of time, min.
In the town	Outside the city by road groups

Time limits and piece rates per 1 ton km when working on vehicles of group II (specialized: dump trucks, vans, refrigerators, container ships, etc.; truck tractors with semi-trailers and ballast tractors with trailers)

Vehicle load capacity, t	Norm of time, min.
In the town	Outside the city by road groups

When using the indicated time standards, employees involved in the organization of transportation, as well as those responsible for organizing the work of drivers, need to take into account the new Intersectoral time standards for loading, unloading wagons, cars in calculating the time for transportation. Vehicle and warehouse work, approved by the decree of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development Russian Federation dated 01.01.2001 N 76.

Objective: familiarization with methodological recommendations on the application of the Uniform time standards for loading and unloading vehicles, mastering the features of the methodology for determining time standards for mechanized and non-mechanized loading and unloading of various types of cargo.

Theoretical provisions. Guidelines for the application of time standards for the carriage of goods by road are established by the Uniform Time Standards for the carriage of goods by road.

The uniform time standards for the carriage of goods by road are designed to calculate the rates for payment for services for the carriage of goods by road transport enterprises, the rationing and remuneration of drivers.

These rules apply to the carriage of goods by almost all types of freight transport: flatbed cars and general purpose vans, specialized cars - dump trucks, vans, tanks, refrigerators, container ships, etc., as well as tractors with trailers and semi-trailers.

The development of the Uniform Time Standards is based on:

· technical calculations and photochronometric observations;

technical characteristics of the rolling stock road transport, loading and unloading machines and mechanisms, highways etc., as well as the results of the analysis of the organization of labor and measures to improve it. Uniform time standards are developed taking into account:

rational organization of cargo transportation and loading and unloading operations;

application of mechanization means: excavators with different capacity bucket, automobile, overhead, portal, gantry cranes, loaders (automobile, battery and tractor), conveyors, mechanical shovels and other handling machines and mechanisms;

Features of the transported goods - the type of their packaging, specific gravity, physical condition, etc.;

· maximum use of carrying capacity and cargo capacity of the rolling stock of road transport and containers;

various road conditions for the operation of vehicles;

Compliance with the Rules traffic, safety regulations and regulations technical operation rolling stock of road transport.

Uniform time standards provide for a rational organization of the transport process, which ensures:

Reducing excess time spent on idle vehicles for loading and unloading cargo due to: expanding the front of loading and unloading operations and the use of their complex mechanization; drawing up and strict adherence to schedules for the supply and operation of vehicles; creation of access roads and platforms for maneuvering vehicles, especially vehicles with trailers, tractors with several trailers or semi-trailers; preliminary preparation of goods, etc.

Rational stowage of goods, the use of removable shields, etc., allowing maximum use of the carrying capacity and capacity of the rolling stock.

Proper placement of goods in the body, contributing to the uniform distribution of the weight load on undercarriage vehicle and make it easier to control.

The optimal modes of movement of cars (road trains) on the relevant sections of the road, taking into account the condition of the road surface, visibility, traffic intensity and other factors with strict observance of the Rules of the Road, as well as knowledge by drivers of the main specifications and rules for the operation of various brands of rolling stock of road transport during the transportation of the corresponding goods. Transportation of goods should be carried out along rationally constructed routes, taking into account the shortest distances, traffic modes on each section of the route, ensuring the loading of vehicles in both directions.

Consolidation of the mode of operation of vehicles through the organization of the team method of work of drivers.

Uniform time standards are established:

· when cars are idle for loading and unloading of 1st class cargo (except for containers, as well as bulk and dust-like cargo in tank trucks that do not have a class) - per ton; for containers per container; for bulk and dust-like cargoes in tankers - for the full operational volume of the tank;

· when transporting goods of the 1st class - per ton-kilometer. For goods of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th classes, the time standards are applied with the correction factors given in Table No. 1:

Table number 1.

Note 1. Correction factors are calculated based on the correction factor for the use of the vehicle's load capacity in accordance with table No. 2:

Table number 2.

Classes of cargo for transportation on vehicles with standard flatbed and dump bodies are determined in accordance with the nomenclature and classification of cargo. When transporting goods on vehicles with standard flatbed and dump bodies that are not provided for by the attached nomenclature and classification, as well as various goods on specialized vehicles (with special platforms), in vans, livestock trucks, tanks, etc., the correction factors are determined based on the average the actual coefficient of utilization of the carrying capacity of the onboard or specialized vehicle subject to the full loading of its body according to the permissible size (volume).

Note 2. The correction factor is determined by dividing the unit by the capacity utilization factor.

In the same order, correction factors are determined for goods of the 4th class, providing a coefficient of utilization of the vehicle's carrying capacity below 0.5 when the vehicle is fully loaded with extended sides according to the allowable size (volume).

Note 3. The time limits indicated in tables 3 and 4 in this practical work increase:

a) by 10% if the loading or unloading of goods is carried out from van-type vehicles;

b) by 25% - when loading and unloading industrial and food cargo requiring special care (glass, porcelain and faience products, various liquids in glass containers, musical instruments, televisions, radio products, appliances, furniture), as well as small-piece cargo transported in bulk or in small packages and requiring recalculation (linen, shoes, hats, clothing, haberdashery, knitwear, various fabrics, stationery, books, toys, meat and meat products, dairy products).

For loading and unloading of oversized and heavy cargoes requiring special devices for their fastening, the time limits are set depending on the specific conditions by agreement of the parties.

When cars are delivered to several sections of warehouses or separate warehouses, by mutual agreement of the parties signing an agreement for centralized delivery (export) of goods, average complex rates of downtime of a car (road train) under loading or unloading and performing additional operations can be established, taking into account the established standards and the actual number of additional operations performed.

The downtime of a car (road train) under loading or unloading is calculated from the moment the car (road train) arrives at the place of loading or unloading and the driver hands over transport documents for the carriage of goods until the end of loading or unloading and handing over to the driver properly executed transport documents.

The time norms indicated in Tables 3 and 4 include the time required for loading (unloading) cargo with a carrier or carrier of cargo, maneuvering a vehicle (road train), tying and untying the cargo, covering the cargo with a tarpaulin and removing the tarpaulin, opening and closing the sides (doors) of the car and trailers, as well as paperwork for the import (export) of goods.

Employees of motor transport enterprises involved in the organization of transportation, as well as those who are responsible for organizing the work of drivers, need to take into account the Intersectoral time standards for loading, unloading wagons, vehicles and warehouse work in calculating the time for transportation.

The time numbers presented in tables 3 and 4 contain data on the loading and unloading of wagons, vehicles and warehouse work performed mechanically, as well as manually without the use or with the use of the simplest devices for the following categories of goods: packaged and piece, meat, bakery products, heavy cargo, metals and metal products, timber, refractory cargo, bulk, grain and others.

The indicated time limits provide for the following options for loading and unloading operations:

· railway rolling stock - warehouse, warehouse - railway rolling stock;

· railway rolling stock - vehicles, motor vehicles - railway rolling stock;

· railway rolling stock - railway rolling stock;

transport - warehouse, warehouse - transport.

Table number 3. Norms of time for mechanized loading and unloading of vehicles (road trains) (in minutes)

Note 4. Mechanized loading or unloading is considered when the loading of cargo into the car body or its removal from the car body is carried out by lifting and transport machines.

Table number 4. Norms of time for non-mechanized loading and unloading of vehicles (in minutes)

Note 5. Non-mechanized loading (unloading) is considered when the cargo is placed in the car body or removed from the car body by hand.

The procedure for determining the time for loading and unloading goods.

1. Determine the full load of the car:

where is the carrying capacity of the vehicle, t;

The load factor, determined taking into account the load capacity utilization factor:

, (2)

2. In accordance with table 1, we determine the correction factor k p to the total time spent on loading or unloading goods.

3. Taking into account the obtained value of the full load of the car according to tables 3 and 4 and in accordance with the conditions of loading and unloading, determine the time spent on loading and unloading operations performed from vehicles of the required carrying capacity.

4. Required number of vehicles for cargo delivery:

, (3)

where is the average daily transportation of goods by one car, t;

, (4)

where - the number of days required to transport the goods, days.

5. The average daily number of trips by road for the carriage of goods:

, (5)

where is the total number of trips by road for the carriage of goods.

An example of performing a calculation for practical work No. 1.

Exercise. Determine the required number of vehicles and the total time spent on the transportation of cargo of the 3rd class (400 pieces of TV sets), which requires special care during mechanized loading and non-mechanized unloading, over a distance of 56 km by a car - van, with a carrying capacity of 6 tons and a useful volume of the van 12 m 3.

1. Initially, we set the full load of the car in accordance with the expression (1) and taking into account the correction factor k gr (2), we obtain:

t (6)

2. The total time spent on the delivery of the entire cargo is determined in accordance with the expression:

where T pg is the time spent on mechanized loading of one vehicle, determined taking into account the value of the correction factor, k p \u003d 1.66 for the 3rd class of cargo and taking into account note 3 with the time correction for table 3, hour:

where T m pog - the time of mechanized loading, determined according to table 3, T m pog \u003d 20 min \u003d 0.3 hour;

T lane - the time spent on one trip by a car for a given distance, hour, determined from the expression, while taking the average speed of the car equal to 60 km / h:

hour (9)

where T times is the time spent on non-mechanized unloading of one vehicle, determined taking into account the value of the correction factor, k p \u003d 1.66 for the 3rd class of cargo and taking into account note 3 with the time correction for table 4, hour:

where T nm times is the time of non-mechanized unloading, determined according to Table 4, T nm times \u003d 28 min \u003d 0.47 hour

3. Taking into account expressions (3), (4) and (5), we find the required number of vehicles for cargo delivery. At the same time, we accept the total number of trips by road transport for the carriage of goods equal to 2, and the number of days required for the carriage of goods equal to 3 days. Accepting these conditions, we get:

(11)

We take the number of cars for cargo transportation equal to 2.

4. Substituting the obtained values ​​when calculating expressions (8), (9), (10) and (11) into expression (7), we obtain the total time spent on the delivery of the entire cargo:

Table number 5.

Variants of tasks for performing independent work of students

var-ta no.

Loading

unloading

Cargo class

Distance, km

Load, t

Av-la type

Special requirements.

Volume, cubic meters

Speed, km/h

Number of days

Number of trips

fur-i

nemech-i

fur-i

nemech-i

+

+

1,4

van

+

+

+

2,0

-

-

+

+

2,5

van

+

+

+

4,0

-

-

+

+

4,2

van

+

+

+

5,2

-

-

+

+

6,0

van

+

+

+

6,5

-

-

+

+

8,0

van

+

+

+

8,4

-

-

+

+

10,0

van

+

+

+

12,0

-

-

+

+

16,0

van

+

+

+

20,0

-

-

+

+

25,0

van

+

+

+

30,0

-

-

Practical work №2

Hours of operation and downtime for trucks
The norms of idle time of vehicles for loading and unloading of goods are established depending on:
Ways to perform loading and unloading operations.
Type of used loading and unloading machines and mechanisms.
Type and carrying capacity of the rolling stock of road transport.
Kind of cargo.
The composition of vehicle downtime can be represented as the following diagram.

When determining the composition of the idle time of vehicles, it is understood that the loading and unloading of vehicles is carried out without stopping at intermediate points.
To determine the rate of time for the full load capacity of the car, the time rate set for 1 ton should be multiplied by the load capacity of the car.
With a mechanized method of loading and unloading goods on vans, the time standards for 1 ton can increase up to 10% (compared to onboard cars).
Vehicle downtime rates for partially mechanized loading and unloading of goods are set at half the rate for manual and mechanized loading and unloading for each operation.
When vehicles are idle when loading and unloading industrial and food goods that require special care (glass, porcelain, faience, various liquids in glass containers, musical instruments, televisions, radio equipment, appliances, furniture, etc.), as well as small-piece cargo transported in bulk or in small packages that require recalculation (linen, shoes, hats, clothes, haberdashery, various fabrics, books, toys, vegetables, fruits, fresh berries, etc.), the downtime standards for 1 ton are increased to 25%.
The heads of motor transport enterprises are allowed to establish internal norms for the downtime of vehicles for loading and unloading goods, based on specific working conditions, in the following cases:
when loading dump trucks with a carrying capacity of more than 8 tons by excavators with a bucket capacity of up to 1 cu. m, loading and unloading onboard vehicles with a carrying capacity of more than 8 tons by mechanisms with simultaneous lifting of cargo by 1 ton, as well as manually;
when loading or unloading goods with the delivery of a car to several sections of warehouses or separate storage facilities on the territory of warehouse bases, stations, ports, marinas, enterprises, construction and trade organizations, including retail outlets in the city;
when loading and unloading large-sized and heavy-weight cargoes that require special devices for their fastening, having a mass of one piece of more than 500 kg (including cargoes in barrels, drums, cylinders, on reels, in rolls and bays), as well as cargoes, loading and unloading of which is carried out by self-propelled.

Large-sized cargo includes cargo with a size of more than: 2.5 m in height, or 2 m in width, or 3 m in length.

Despite the legislative permission to introduce internal time standards, it should be noted that in cases where the time standards in force at enterprises are lower than the Uniform Time Standards, the current standards should be applied.

The tables below show the norms of idle time for various types of vehicles when loading and unloading individual goods. different ways, as well as the norms of time for the transportation of goods.

When setting the time standards for loading and unloading goods manually, the estimated number of loaders was adopted to ensure the implementation of the Uniform Time Standards.

^ Norms of idle time for dump trucks during mechanized loading of bulk cargoes, their unloading by a dump truck (min. per 1 ton of cargo)

^ Name of cargo

Loading method

Bucket capacity, cu. m

^ Carrying capacity of dump trucks, t

over 1.5 TO 3.0

over 3.0 TO 4.0

over 4.0 to 5.0

over 5.0 to 6.0

over 6.0 to 7.0

over 7.0 TO 9.0

over 9.0 TO 10.0

over 10.0 to 12.0

over 12.0 TO 15.0

over 15.0 to 20.0

over 20.0 TO 25.0

over 25.0

Fertilizers, manure, etc.

excavator

Construction and other goods that are easily separated from the body of a dump truck (sand, earth, crushed stone, gravel, natural stones, expanded clay, etc.)

excavator

Up to 1
Over 1 to 3
Over 3 to 5
Over 5

2,66
1,88
1,15
0,76

2,10
1,40
1,03
0,66

1,97
1,25
0,98
0,59

1,88
1,20
0,84
0,53

1,75
1,03
0,74
0,49

0,91
0,67
0,44

0,82
0,61
0,35

0,75
0,54
0,30

0,68
0,41
0,28

Viscous and semi-viscous cargoes (clay, wet rock, etc.), as well as partially frozen and compacted soil

excavator

Up to 1
Over 1 to 3
Over 3 to 5
Over 5

2,50
1,80
1,35

2,25
1,61
1,26

2,14
1,54
1,20
1,05

2,10
1,32
1,05
0,91

1,16
0,95
0,80

1,05
0,90
0,75

0,96
0,83
0,69

0,86
0,75
0,65

0,70
0,60
0,55

0,62
0,53
0,49

0,60
0,52
0,48

Bunker, grain loader

Vegetables (potatoes, beets, etc.)

From the bunker, harvester

Gravel, crushed stone, natural stones, coal, etc.

Bunker, conveyor

Mortars, building masses (concrete, cement, asphalt, etc.)

Hopper mixer

Cereal flour and any technical

bunker

^ Norms of downtime for onboard vehicles when loading and unloading bulk cargoes in a mechanized way (min. per 1 ton)

^ Name of cargo

Carrying capacity of onboard vehicles, t

loading

unloading

Over 1.5 to 3.0

Over 3 to 5

Over 5 to 7

Over 7 to 10

Over 10 to 15

Over 15 to 20

Fertilizer manure, etc.

Excavator up to 1 cu. m

Scrapers, nets

Excavator from 1 to 3 cu. m

Scrapers, nets

Cereals (rye, barley, wheat, etc.)

Bunker, grain loader, conveyor

Car unloader

Vegetables (potatoes, beets, etc.)

From the harvester bunker, by loader

Car-le unloader

Standards of downtime for on-board vehicles during loading and unloading by cranes, forklifts and other similar mechanisms of packaged and unpackaged goods that do not require special devices for their fastening (min.)

Mass of cargo with simultaneous lifting of the mechanism, t

Over 1.0 to 3.0

^ Over 3.0 TO 5.0

Over 1.5 to 3.0

^ Over 3.0 to 5.0

Over 5.0 to 7.0

^ Over 7.0 to 10.0

Over 10.0 to 15.0

^ Over 15.0 to 20.0

^ Norms of downtime for onboard vehicles for loading and unloading cargo in packages in a mechanized way and piece rates (min. for 1 ton)

^ Car load capacity

Pallets gross weight, t

truck cranes

gantry, overhead and other cranes

auto and electric forklifts

^ Norms of downtime for tank trucks when loading and unloading bulk cargo

^ Operating volume of the tank, cu. m, thousand liters

By gravity

^ With a pump

Filling with a pump, draining by gravity, and vice versa

dark oil products

food cargo and light oil products

dark oil products

food cargo and light oil products

dark oil products

^ Over 1.5 to 3.0

Over 3.0 to 5.0

^ Over 5.0 to 7.0

Over 7.0 to 10.0

^ Over 10.0 to 15.0

Over 15.0 to 20.0

^ Norms of downtime for tank trucks when loading through the top hatches and unloading by gravitational and pneumatic methods

^ Operating volume of the tank, thousand liters, cubic meters m

Norm of time for the operational volume of the tank, min.

mealy raw materials

Construction Materials

^ Over 3.0 to 5.0

Over 5.0 to 7.0

^ Over 7.0 to 10.0

Over 10.0 to 15.0

^ Over 15.0 to 20.0

Note. The norms take into account the additional time for blowing the tank and blowing out the discharge hose.

^ Norms of downtime for flatbed trucks and container ships when loading or unloading containers with cranes, loaders and other similar mechanisms

Container weight, t

^ Vehicle downtime rate when loading or unloading one container, min.

Note. The time norms include the time required for loading (unloading) cargo with a towing or carrying cargo, maneuvering a car (road train), tying and untying the cargo, covering the cargo with tarpaulin and removing the tarpaulin, opening and closing the sides (doors) of the car and trailers, and also registration of documents for the import (export) of goods. The specified downtime standards also apply to tractors with semi-trailers.

^ Standards for downtime for flatbed trucks and vans for manual loading and unloading of bulk, packaged and unpackaged goods

^ Vehicle load capacity, t

Norm of time, min.

^ Norms of downtime for on-board vehicles when manually loading or unloading goods into a container without removing it from the vehicle

Container weight, t

^ Vehicle idle time rate when loading or unloading goods, min.

for the first container

for the second and each subsequent container in this trip

^ Over 0.5 to 1.25

Over 1.25 to 2.0

^ Over 2.0 to 3.0

Over 3.0 to 5.0

^ Over 5.0 to 10.0

Over 10.0 to 20.0

Downtime standards for specialized rolling stock for container transportation of goods when loading or unloading containers using lifting equipment

^ Rolling Stock

Downtime rate when loading or unloading one container, min.

^ Mass of one container, t

from 0.25 to 0.45

from 0.45 to 0.625

Self-loader with tail lift (TsPKTB A130 model)

^ Van with tail lift (TsPKTB-A130F model)

^ Self-loader with crane installation 4030P

^ Self-loader with a portal crane based on the ZIL-130 car (NIIAT-A825 model)

^ Self-loader with portal crane (model NIIAT-P404)

^ Self-loader with portal crane based on KamAZ-5320 (model 5983)

^ Self-loader semi-trailer HLS-200.78 TK

Note. The downtime rate for loading or unloading a vehicle is determined by multiplying the time rate set for one container by the number of containers.

^ Norms of downtime for vehicles when performing additional work in the process of loading or unloading goods

Name of works

Downtime, min.

1. Weighing the cargo on truck scales:
1.1. For each determination of the weight of the load in a car or trailer (weighing an empty and loaded car or trailer), regardless of the class of cargo and the carrying capacity of the car

1.2. For each determination of the weight of cargo in a road train (weighing an empty and loaded vehicle with a trailer or semi-trailer), regardless of the class of cargo and the carrying capacity of the vehicle

2. Weighing or reweighing of cargo on decimal or centesimal scales on a car (road train) with a carrying capacity, t: up to 4 inclusive more than 4 up to 7 inclusive more than 7

3. Recalculation of packages for each car, semi-trailer or trailer, regardless of the class of cargo and carrying capacity

4. Arrival at each intermediate point of loading or unloading, regardless of the carrying capacity of the vehicle (truck)

^ Time limits for uncoupling and hooking of exchange semi-trailers

Semi-trailer load capacity, t

^ Norm of time, min.

for a lead

uncoupling

Over 10 to 20

^ Driving conditions

Average truck speed

Group A highways

Group B highways

Group B highways

Settlements located on the highway

Cities with a population of more than 60 thousand inhabitants, located on the route

Table 7.13

Estimated mileage rates for trucks

The time standards for 1 t-km H (vr) are calculated using the following formula:

60 N(vr) = -------,
V xp x q

where 60 is a conversion factor of 1 hour per minute; V is the estimated mileage of a truck, km/h; P is the mileage utilization factor, (3 = 0.5; q is the carrying capacity of the car, i.e.

a) when working outside the city:

^ Highway groups

Transport characteristics

Estimated vehicle mileage V, km/h

Main roads of high-speed traffic, main streets of citywide significance of continuous movement

Main roads of regulated traffic, main streets of citywide significance of regulated traffic and regional significance

Local streets and roads

b) when working in the city - regardless of the type of road surface for cars and road trains with a carrying capacity of up to 7 tons (tanker truck up to 6 thousand liters) - 25 km per hour, and for 7 tons (tanker truck 6 thousand liters) and above - 24 km in hour.

During the time the driver of the car works on the roads of various groups in one trip, the time norms for single trips are set on the prevailing group of roads.

Estimated mileage rates for trucks can be reduced by the head of the enterprise:

when transporting goods that require special care (acids, flammable substances, liquids in glassware, glassware, musical instruments, televisions, radio products, appliances, etc., as well as cargo in bulky oversized containers, lightweight cargo transported with linkage by loading height in excess of the established vehicle dimensions, dusty (cargo, explosives) - up to 15%;

when working at a distance of up to 1 km, as well as in off-road conditions, in quarries and on hard-to-reach sections of the path (during thaw, in the absence of roads, etc.) - up to 40% against the norms established for natural dirt roads;

when working at a distance of more than 1 to 3 km on the roads of groups A, B, C - up to 20%.

When a tractor is working with a semi-trailer, the time norms per 1 tkm are taken with a coefficient of 1.2, and when working with a semi-trailer and a trailer or two trailers, respectively, - 1.0.

For goods of the 4th class, providing a load capacity utilization factor below 0.5 when the vehicle is fully loaded in terms of dimensions using extended sides, it is allowed to set time standards according to the actual vehicle load capacity utilization factor.

In cases where, as a result of the use of extended boards and other similar measures during the transportation of goods of the 2nd-4th classes, the carrying capacity of the vehicle is fully used, correction factors for time standards are not applied.

^ Time limits for 1 t.km when working on cars of group I (on-board cars and general purpose vans)

^ Vehicle load capacity, t

Norm of time, min.

^ Out of town by road group

Table 2 - Norms of downtime for onboard vehicles when loading and unloading bulk cargoes by mechanized method

Shipping Name	Way
	loading	unloading	over 1.5 to 3.0	over 3.0 to 5.0	over 5.0 to 7.0	over 7.0 to 10.0	over 10.0 to 15.0	over 15.0 to 20.0	over 20.0
Fertilizers, manure, etc.	Excavator up to 1 cu. m	Scrapers, nets
	Excavator from 1 to 3 cu. m	Scrapers, nets
	Bunker, grain loader, conveyor	Car unloader
	From the harvester bunker, by loader	Car unloader

Table 3 - Standards of downtime for onboard vehicles during loading and unloading by cranes, loaders and other similar mechanisms of packaged and unpackaged goods that do not require special devices for their fastening

load capacity car, t	Mass of cargo with simultaneous lifting of the mechanism, t
	up to 1.0	over 1.0 to 3.0	over 3.0 to 5.0	over 5.0
	time limit, min.	time limit, min.	time limit, min.	time limit, min.
Over 1.5 to 3.0
Over 3.0 to 5.0
Over 5.0 to 7.0
Over 7.0 to 10.0
Over 10.0 to 15.0
Over 15.0 to 20.0

Table 4 - Downtime norms for dump trucks during mechanized loading of bulk cargoes, their unloading by a dump truck

Shipping Name

Way loading

Bucket capacity, cu. m

Carrying capacity of dump trucks, t

over 1.5 to 3.0

over 3.0 to 4.0

over 4.0 to 5.0

over 5.0 to 6.0

over 6.0 to 7.0

over 7.0 to 9.0

over 9.0 to 10.0

over 10.0 to 12.0

over 12.0 to 15.0

over 15.0 to 20.0

over 20.0 to 25.0

over 25.0

Downtime rate per 1 ton of cargo, min

Fertilizers, manure, etc.

excavator

Construction and other goods that are easily separated from the body of a dump truck (sand, earth, crushed stone, gravel, natural stones, expanded clay, etc.)

excavator

Over 1 to 3

Over 3 to 5

Viscous and semi-viscous cargoes (clay, wet rock, etc.), as well as partially frozen and compacted soil

excavator

Over 1 to 3

Over 3 to 5

Cereals (rye, barley, wheat, etc.)

Bunker, grain loader

Vegetables (potatoes, beets, etc.)

From the bunker, harvester

Gravel, crushed stone, natural stones, coal, etc.

Bunker, conveyor

Mortars, building masses (concrete, cement, asphalt, etc.)

bunker

Mixer

Cereal flour and any technical

bunker

Note. Downtime standards also apply to tractors with semi-trailers.

Table 5 - Norms of idle time of onboard vehicles for loading and unloading cargo in packages in a mechanized way

Vehicle load capacity, t

Downtime rate per 1 ton of cargo, min

truck cranes

gantry, overhead and other cranes

auto and electric forklifts

Pallets gross weight, t

Table 6 - Downtime rates for flatbed trucks and container carriers when loading or unloading containers with cranes, forklifts and other similar mechanisms

Table 7 - Downtime norms for flatbed trucks and vans of general purpose during manual loading and unloading of bulk, packaged and unpackaged goods

	Norm of time, min.	Vehicle load capacity, t	Norm of time, min.