Homemade lightweight tracked all-terrain vehicles. Homemade crawler all-terrain vehicle with your own hands. Engines for homemade all-terrain vehicles

I once tried to clear snow on an ATV.

Everything would be fine, and the bucket knife worked properly, but the wheel grip on snow and ice was clearly not enough. Despite the fact that studded tires from the car were used.

Therefore, the ATV is on tracks.

For a long time I studied the design of industrial mounted tracks installed instead of wheels, but in the end I came to the conclusion that it would be much easier to make a completely new tracked platform, especially since the ATV had already been in an accident, as a result of which the frame was significantly deformed.

I bought the cheapest caterpillars - from Buran.

The so-called bogies, drive and driven shafts are also from him. By chance, I managed to buy a working Oka gearbox complete with drives and brake mechanisms for just 1,000 rubles. All this was later useful for creating a functional all-terrain vehicle.

I welded the propulsion frames from rectangular pipes and connected them together using a frame, since the structure was originally made to be collapsible (photo 1).

The track tensioning mechanism is shown in photo 2.

I cut off the splined part of the drive shafts from the Buran and welded to them the splined part of the Oka shafts (photo 5), thanks to which it was possible to use the original CV joints of this wonderful minicar (photo 4). The brake discs also came in handy (photo 10).

I did the same with the front shafts in order to subsequently install brake mechanisms on them.

I cut off part of the gearbox casing to ensure free passage of the chain to its drive shaft (photo 7).

For power plant and the seat mounts I welded a separate frame (photo 9). Brake mechanisms are shown in photo 10. As working brake cylinders used hydraulic cylinders from the VAZ-2101 clutch (photo 11).

Looking ahead, I’ll explain why I installed the brakes on the front shafts, and not on the rear drive shafts, which would be more logical.

The fact is that the all-terrain vehicle had to have a width of no more than 120 cm - this was due to some features of its operation on our site. But the width of the gearbox and the tracks themselves did not allow the brake mechanisms to be placed on the drive shafts without violating the above conditions.

The differential rotation itself is also not the most successful solution from a technical point of view, however, on low-power designs it is quite workable and quite reliable - the strength of the gearbox and track mechanisms is even more than enough for this design.

During the installation work, everything was used. For example, from steering bipods from Oka I made levers that, when taxiing, press on the brake cylinder rods (photo 12-15).

Fitting the engine took a little time (photo 16-17).. Between the engine and the gearbox there is such a spacer, adjustable in length, which helps relieve the load from the fastenings of these units (photo 18).

The fitting of the tail and seat is shown in photo 19.

“Kengurin”, also known as the bracket for the blade, is welded from a square pipe (photo 20-23).

The presence of a gearbox allows you to use the all-terrain vehicle both for household needs and for entertainment.

In first or second gear you get a tractor - leisurely, but very high-torque, capable of pushing a blade full of wet snow in front of you. On the third or fourth there is transport for rides.

The controls turned out to be very easy - even a child can handle the maneuvers - and the all-terrain vehicle itself is very passable, because it rests on the tracks of the elongated Buran, being half its weight.

Therefore, no snowdrifts, even the fluffiest ones, are scary for him. The only thing that remains to be completed are the fenders and full-length running boards, which my hands just can’t reach.

Now this is a favorite “toy” for children and adults in our company, not only in winter (photo 24-25), but also in summer.

DIY tracked all-terrain vehicle - video

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It's no secret that in our vast country there are areas where it is completely impossible to move normally on the roads due to their poor quality. In this case, a special vehicle, which is characterized by high maneuverability, comes to the rescue. We are talking about an all-terrain vehicle. But, unfortunately, it is almost impossible to purchase a vehicle that is light, economical and inexpensive. Therefore, many craftsmen with engineering and technical skills decide to create a tracked all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, taking into account their needs and capabilities.

How can tracked all-terrain vehicles be used?

Such homemade devices Crawler-mounted vehicles come in different sizes and are used for a variety of purposes. With their help, heavy loads are moved, which are placed either in the body or in a special trailer. If a self-made crawler all-terrain vehicle is used for a summer residence, then in this case various construction materials are most often transported.

In addition, such a vehicle has transport versatility, and if any unforeseen circumstances arise, you can quickly, without any difficulties, get to a certain destination over rough terrain.

What to pay attention to when creating a homemade all-terrain vehicle?

If you decide to make a crawler all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, you must clearly understand for what purpose it will be used. Be sure to consider the following points:

Weather conditions during operation.
Dimensions. The width affects the cross-country ability of a self-made crawler all-terrain vehicle; the length is calculated based on the quantity seats or availability of device luggage compartment, and the height should be optimal when creating the amphibious properties of the unit.
Motor power. How more powerful engine, the easier it is to overcome hard-to-reach sections of the road.
Target. Depending on the purpose for which the mobile device is intended, its design may vary.
Number of wheels. Most often homemade crawler all-terrain vehicle, made with your own hands, has wheels from two to eight pairs, which are necessary to support the caterpillar track.

Create a drawing

The most important stage is making a sketch of a tracked all-terrain vehicle. Do-it-yourself drawings with the location of the mechanisms of the unit and its components are drawn after this. They must be very precise. When creating such a vehicle, they usually use both homemade parts and ready-made factory-produced elements. They are drawn separately, with the calculation of the compatibility and performance of parts and assemblies.

Design features

A crawler all-terrain vehicle, created with your own hands, must have an engine. Basically, this element is taken from cars, most often domestic. You can also borrow it from a motorcycle. Chassis It is represented by rubber tracks, a tension system, suspension, and rollers. Often used to make caterpillars car tires. The chassis base consists of a bathtub, frame or any other metal frame. For the control system, various components are taken or ready-made control elements of motorcycles or cars, as well as tractors, are used. A homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle, made with your own hands, has a power system, which is presented fuel tank, petrol or diesel. Gas equipment is used much less often.

Manufacturing technology

Lightweight tracked all-terrain vehicles are made by hand using a certain technology. Their creation begins with the construction of the body, which must have high strength and complete waterproofness. The base of a homemade transport must be rigid, so steel pipes are used that can withstand any physical stress arising from movement. Then they begin to make the tracks. To do this, take ordinary sheet rubber and create ring rubber. on her outside using rivets they install small aluminum blades, and with inside install the necessary limiters, the step width of which is equal to the width of the tire tires.

The next stage is that the bridges are removed from the car through holes that were specially made in the body for this purpose. Rubber couplings are used as protection. The rubber band is attached so that the wheels are located directly in the center of the stops. In addition, additional wheels are also attached. They are necessary to maintain the track tension. To complete the work, heavy-duty glass is installed in the cabin of the all-terrain vehicle, which was made by hand.

Conclusion

Thus, this vehicle is an indispensable means of transport in remote areas where there are practically no roads. Possessing engineering and technical qualities, you can easily create tracked all-terrain vehicles with your own hands, the drawings of which will help you correctly design such a unit.

Invention and creation of various vehicles 67-year-old resident of the city of Topki Ivan Sardaev took up almost 20 years ago.
In 1993, he and his wife, daughter and son returned from Vorkuta to the city of his childhood and built a house in four months. It turned out to be large, spacious, with an area of 150 square meters.

Well, about four years after we moved and settled down, I got tired of removing snow in the winter after a blizzard: you work with a shovel, and your hands get tired. Whether you like it or not, you inevitably begin to think with your head,” the pensioner laughs.

Snow removal equipment by Ivan Sardaev.

In the beginning there were scooters

Ivan Vasilyevich admits: he has been fascinated by technology since childhood. While still a child, he assembled scooters, either on bearings or with wheels from a baby stroller. But it was back in 1997 that a tricycle snowplow became his first full-fledged invention. It was unusual - it had two wheels in front, and one - steerable - behind. As the inventor now recalls, the machine was weak - it could only rake snow on the paths. He decided to improve it and assembled a slightly more complex model, then another. And then he became so involved in the process that he began to create snow blowers with buckets and rotary auger machines. And not only them.

Topkinets' very first snow blower was three-wheeled.

In 2007, in the magazine “Modelist-Constructor” Ivan Sardaev even published an article about three of his models, and two years later - about security system. He invented it and installed it in his house; if necessary, it transmits a signal to his mobile phone.

Several bucket snow blowers, a couple of rotary augers and a couple of pneumatic snowmobiles - this is an incomplete list of mobile equipment that Ivan Vasilyevich collected until 2013. And all this in his free time - despite his age, he still fixes people's TVs. And four years ago, his son gave him a computer, and when the pensioner mastered the Internet, new ideas appeared. One of the latest ideas was to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with my own hands.

And the roof is from Moskvich

He began implementing the plan in 2015, and it took Ivan Sardaev a year and a half to create the unusual car. Most of the parts in the S-10 all-terrain vehicle, the name the inventor gave to his brainchild - from the Zhiguli different model. The rear axle, engine and gearbox are from the “classics”, the rollers in the tracks are wheels from the eleventh VAZ model. Many parts were collected from neighbors, who, by the way, admire the master’s golden hands, or were picked up at auto dismantling yards and metal collection points. The roof of the all-terrain vehicle is from Moskvich, but the tracks had to be thought out and assembled by myself down to the last detail. For them, the inventor was even forced to buy a conveyor belt in a store.
A pneumatic snowmobile is another machine, collected by hand TV masters from Topki.

IN total Ivan Vasilyevich spent more than 30 thousand rubles on certain purchases for his brainchild.

Most of all I had to tinker with the tracks,” the pensioner admits. - It was a very painstaking work that required special care. After all, if you bend it wrong, you’ll miss it a little and that’s it, either the teeth will catch or the tape will move, and in both cases the car won’t move.

This is what the all-terrain vehicle looked like in the summer of 2016.

The Topkin resident is currently testing his all-terrain vehicle. By smooth road it can move at a speed of 35 - 40 kilometers per hour, and on virgin snow the speed is reduced by about half. By the way, instead of a steering wheel, it has two control levers, like a tractor, and for the driver and passenger - a two-seater all-terrain vehicle - it is always warm, the interior is heated by two stoves.

So far, Ivan Sardaev does not drive his invention further than the yard and street where his house is located. But in the future, after the car will pass tests at other times of the year, hopes to register it, as expected. But the creator does not want to sell it, even for 350 thousand rubles, at which such equipment was valued on one of the sites. You need such an all-terrain vehicle yourself.
Crawler all-terrain vehicle S-10 of a Kuzbass pensioner. Ivan Sardaev worked on the all-terrain vehicle for a year and a half. The engine is VAZ-2103, the cabin is the top of the Moskvich-2140 cabin.

Dear visitors of the site “SAMODELKINDRUG”, in this article the all-terrain vehicle will be presented to your attention off-road on caterpillar tracks. Today, all-terrain vehicle construction is very well developed in our Country, because there are practically no roads, and in winter it is completely impossible to get through the countryside. The guys who are engaged in hunting and fishing build all-terrain vehicles right in their garages from scrap metal and junk cars.

The tracks are made of conveyor belt and profile, the road wheels are wheels from a motor scooter. The balancing suspension is made of springs. The body of the all-terrain vehicle has a waterproof bottom and can float, for which it has a boat electric motor powered by on-board network cars.

Mat part of the all-terrain vehicle:

Time and year of creation 2009.
Has 3 seats. Driver and 2 passengers,
The mass of the all-terrain vehicle is 900 kg. Buoyancy reserve up to 350 kg.
Floating: Due to tracks + Minn Kota boat electric motor, which receives power from the on-board network
Fuel consumption: Approximate, 50l 1/100
Maximum speed is 63 km/h.
Transport speed is 35 km/h.
Engine from VAZ-21213.
Gearbox from VAZ-2101.
There are 2 radiators installed. From UAZ and from Lada Priora.
There is no reduction gear.
The turn is made by braking the drive wheel mounted on the rear axle of the VAZ-21-1.
The rear axle is used from a VAZ-2101. Gear ratio 1/4,3.
Brakes from VAZ-2101, drum.
Caterpillar with a total length of 621 cm and a width of 35 cm.
The tracks are made of conveyor belt with a thickness of 15 mm and a width of 100 mm.
The tracks are made of profile 60*20*3 mm, length 330 mm.
Instead of road wheels, pneumatic wheels from a 4.00-10 scooter with a camera were used.
The suspension of the roller hubs is individual.
The track is tensioned using the rear idler. The sloth's suspension is articulated with a shock absorber.
The suspension of the rollers is balanced in the form of UAZ springs with a length of 500 mm.
The frame is welded from a profile 50x25x3 mm.
The bottom lining is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
The casing is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
Unlike other home-made cars, the interior heating is made from a VAZ stove. Panel
Engine compartment.
Track rollers.
Seat for driver and navigator.
A summer fishing trip.
To overcome water obstacles, there is a boat electric motor, which, when boosted, is installed in the stern of the machine. Balancer mounting location.
Track tension.
The teeth of the drive sprocket are made of HDPE (polyethylene low pressure)
Spring mounting drawing.
The drive sprocket has 8 teeth.
Attached to the disk with two bolts.
Track rollers from a scooter.
To enable turning, a disc brake is installed on each track. It turns by braking one of the tracks.
The author also presented video material from tests of an all-terrain vehicle for cross-country ability on snow-covered roads and snowdrifts.

This is such a wonderful all-terrain vehicle that our author came up with. Also, to heat the interior, the master installed a stove from a VAZ car

If you liked the material and want to keep abreast of events and news from our website, then you are welcome to join our group

"Parma" cuts through the swamps and off-road terrain of our vast country.

All data is taken from the forum of the website "Lunokhodov.Net", where he shares his experiences and skills under the nickname mishanya68.

The tasks initially assigned to the all-terrain vehicle builder.

IN technical requirements and wishes the following points:
1. confident movement on snow of average depth and density for the Urals.
2. capacity 2 people, plus 50-80 kg of cargo.
3. at a minimum, must confidently float on the water (the main use is fishing and buoyancy for safety).
4. The main application is snow and ice 90%, the rest is autumn and spring - snow and mud.
5. Maximum use of ready-made serial parts and assemblies.

In connection with this project, I once again re-read the topics on “Tazik”, “Luntik”, “Barsik” and “Yukon” - these are ready-made all-terrain vehicles described on the website “Lunokhodov.Net”. Many thanks to the authors of the projects for sharing their experience, developments and drawings that they used.

Based on the experience of previous builders, I outlined an approximate design
1. turn on a differential with a rear axle, but we’ll install a cylindrical one.
2. 2-cylinder engine, made in China with a cylinder capacity of 690 cubic mm.
3. transmission: belt variator - VAZ 5-speed gearbox - rear axle from VAZ.
4. dimensions 2500x1750 mm.

The rear axle is taken from a classic Zhiguli. Instead of wheels, there are sprockets (drive wheels for the caterpillar)

The beam was used. After disassembling, after checking for straightness, I cut off the excess and immediately cleaned it, cleaning it with flap wheels with 40 grit. It turned out quite quickly, 1.5-2 hours for everything, and cleaning took about 30 minutes. But this time is then saved on welding and painting.

Engine made in China.

Drawings have been developed for the production of guides that are attached to the inside of the track belt and prevent the tracks from coming off during movement and turns.

The axle shaft is factory.

The axle shaft is purchased, find the differences! Therefore, it was decided to leave the factory axle shafts, but with replacement of the bearings.

I bought belts for the production of tracks in a rubber products store at a repair plant in Perm.

Can you be more specific: what is “increased strength”??? In numbers. 4 spacers is good, 12 mm is not too much?

The strength of the tape is created by the gaskets - the rest is rubber, which itself does not bear the load, BUT protects the gaskets from damage. For example, I took one so that on one side (outer) there was 3-4 mm, and on the other (inner) - 1 mm. There is practically no damage to be expected on the inside, and excess thickness means extra weight and not a small one! As for the gaskets - they are ALWAYS the same thickness - 1mm, the rest depends on their quantity!

By meter: I took 4 pieces. with a length of 6.5 m, width - 150mm, thickness - 8mm, ply - 7. It came out to 10 thousand rubles.

I began to weld the frame of the future all-terrain vehicle. Some call it a frame, some a boat, some a skeleton, but the author calls this structure a keel, since the all-terrain vehicle is more intended for swimming.

The rounded front of the keel should improve the buoyancy quality of the homemade car.

It was decided to make an all-terrain vehicle without a balancer, since it is intended for travel in winter, the roads are smoother, the weight of the structure is reduced, and it is technically easier to implement.

The frame is assembled with support rollers on both sides, the wheels used are the most common and common R 13 from VAZ, the bottom of the star is raised from the floor level by 350 mm, the wheel has a diameter of 570 mm.

Preparing tracks for making caterpillars.

Plates for fastening.

Drilling template.

Ready-made holes on conveyor belts for making caterpillars.

Drilling holes according to the template.

Assembly.

A device for drilling holes in rubber using the punch method, but here you do not need to hit the punch, it is clamped into the drill chuck and the rubber is cut, very good holes are obtained and less effort is needed.

You can watch the video how this is done.

Photo of a device clamped into a drill chuck.

Photo of a device for bending pressure plates and bent plates.

One caterpillar is ready.

Safety precautions. To avoid the pain of hitting the ends of the pipe and getting scratched, it is better to protect yourself, at least with gloves.

The caterpillar fits around the sprocket, all tracks are in contact with the teeth.

Front view.

The tension mechanism is made so that both sloths are tensioned at the same time, there are pros and cons of this method. Plus the largest - the same tension of the tracks, provided that the tracks are the same during manufacturing and are equally stretched, ease of execution and more reliable fastening of the sloth axle. If these conditions are met, straight driving is ensured.

Disadvantages: poor sealing of the boat, since the sloth shaft runs inside the boat; if one caterpillar falls off, both sides relax in order to put it on. Also to be removed for repairs if necessary.

Plates for fastening tension mechanisms.

The jibs and amplifiers are welded.

Bridge fastening.

Installing disc brakes on a VAZ axle, due to the braking of the drive wheels, the all-terrain vehicle will turn while driving.

The guides are on the inside of the caterpillar, on the upper fold along the edges of the fang it is pressed 9 mm, this is with a plate width of 40 mm, steel thickness is 2.5 mm. this is the limit for a press with a force of 10 tons.

Guides, with a plate welded inside for fastening to the tracks.

A device for making guide plates using a press.

This will guide the tension wheel.

The guide plate touches the brake hose from the disc brakes on the sprocket, so it needs to be changed brake hoses and install from Niva.

The gaps between the guides for the passage of the caterpillar along the track sprocket are acceptable.

All plates are chopped and bent.

The caterpillar is the most labor-intensive and labor-intensive part of the all-terrain vehicle.

The track and sprocket must interact with each other without binding at the entrance or exit of the sprocket. The check has been completed.

Watch the video.

Engine installation.

Installation of the clutch and gearbox.

Installing the cardan.

Variator on the engine pulley. The transmission has only positive results so far; Kayurov’s variator works very well with the Chinese engine. At first there were problems with the belt releasing at idle, but after adjusting the carb, everything returned to normal. It releases completely at approximately 1000-1100 engine rpm, gripping at approximately 1500-1700 rpm. Fully compressed at about 2500-2800 rpm.

I couldn’t understand why, by ear, the maximum speed was less than 3000 rpm, then I saw the throttle limiting bolt was fully tightened, the Chinese apparently tightened it for a quiet break-in, and also completed the control levers.

The first departure took place. First impressions are excellent.

Everything I said about differential rotation is not entirely true. There are points about which a little later. The all-terrain vehicle is still quite light and nimble.

It rolls around the garage with its hands into one person, turns around into two people. In the video, the surface is compacted snow, gear is first and a third of the gas, I press the levers with one finger, there is almost no noise from the stars.

I finished work with the controls (gear shifter and throttle drive), and also made the cardan protection frame. Made a short trip. Now everything works fine. Tomorrow I'll take everything apart for welding the boat and painting it.