Two humps are only good for a ship of the desert. But the SUV is not a camel, the double-humped torque curve for its engine is not best option. That’s why I shuddered when my good friend Volodya Sharandin invited me to drive a Patriot on an ice track.

We've passed, we know! Should I drive when after the first surge the traction drops to three thousand rpm? Dubious pleasure. Even the next surge in the region of four thousand will not help. Yes, and high-speed exercises on the Ulyanovsk all-terrain vehicle seemed to me akin to off-road racing on a passenger car.

But Volodya knows how to persuade and, frankly speaking, never proposed stupid ideas. Moreover, he had not been to his homeland for fifteen years and during this time he became a great automotive engineer, adding Russian education American and European. Nowadays his strong point is civilized tuning in his own center. In general, I was intrigued: the UAZ in its execution should be extraordinary.

Gave traction

The door slammed and I was driving a Patriot. Everything is familiar, only the engine sounds unusual. Not louder, but the tone has changed, and for the better. I like this song better than the previous one. How's it going?

Here the torque is two hundred and seventy and the power is one hundred and eighty. Don't be shy, spin until the cutoff!

Sharandin is egging me on, but you don’t have to ask me for long. Gas to the floor! I have never driven a Patriot like this - it accelerates very quickly! It even became a little scary: you have to get used to the lively character, because the chassis and brakes are standard, but the agility is different. Pull in? And at the lower levels this Patriot is more convincing. It drives smoothly, without any glitches. Especially after 1800 rpm.

A surprise awaits me on the track - a standard Patriot. Volodya provided this “grand piano in the bushes” so that I could change from car to car - for comparison. Well, go ahead!

First a small motocross piece. You can't speed up here: continuous hills with steep descents and ascents. The serial Patriot took on all the hills - some in first gear, some in second. But in a car with a modified engine, you can drive differently: after a couple of climbs, I stop shifting - I have enough traction, I go through the entire obstacle course in second gear.

The highlight of the program is the autocross track. Road turns and appendices, ice mixed with snow porridge. The serial Patriot, despite its weight and overall height, handles well on slippery road. Of course, you have to actively. I twist it at large angles - tea, the mechanism is not rack and pinion. In areas with loose snow, in order not to lose speed, I switch from third gear to second. I switch frequently, but overall it’s tolerable. To be honest, after this “race” I changed my opinion about Patriot for the better, but I didn’t get much pleasure from it. Still, the serial UAZ is not for demolition and skidding; storming corners like a fan is not its element.

Now it’s a 182-horsepower car. Truly, there is never too much power and torque! The chassis is the same, but the ride is more pleasant and, most importantly, safer. Almost the entire route was in third gear, I only shifted in a couple of places. Now I understand why Sharandin invited him: this Patriot is already controlled by gas - and you enjoy the process. Instead of oiling the steering wheel, you can actively use traction - the engine, one might say, pulls the Patriot out of the drift.

It arrived in our regiment

At the base where Volodya modifies the cars, homemade preparations are already stored.

Look, they managed to smooth out the humps, and not just increase the torque!

Sharandin posts a printout of external speed characteristics motors filmed on the MAHA roller stand.  Indeed, there is an almost flat shelf of 260–270 Nm in the range of 1800–4800 rpm. And the power is much higher: 182 hp. at 5200 rpm. The serial engine produces 134 hp, and a maximum of 217 Newton meters - those same humps at 2500 and 4000 rpm. The most curious thing is that such results were achieved without opening the engine and, accordingly, without installing new shafts, pistons, and connecting rods. Only the intake and .

Forward flow? Who would be surprised by this! Everything is much more interesting than the primitive fight against backpressure - here the intake and exhaust are coordinated.

The shelf leveling technology is as follows. First - 3D scanning engine compartment and the underbody of the car. This allows you to evaluate the space in which new parts will be placed. Then comes the calculation and design of the hardware.

The task is to boost the engine by improving the filling of the cylinders. To do this, they work with air flows at the inlet and outlet and coordinate wave processes in the engine.

Then an exhaust manifold with pipes of equal length is made. The “spider” of the 4-2-1 scheme fit into the UAZ (variant 4–1 in engine compartment do not post). That is, the pipes first merge in pairs, and then turn into a single pipe. Next comes a modified resonator and muffler. Everything is made of stainless steel.

And also a non-standard intake. A low-resistance filter is installed in a cold zone where the air density is higher. Behind it are a diffuser and an intake pipe. Their diameters, roundings, dimensions are the result of calculations and experiments. After all, air flow does not like sudden changes in direction, sharp contractions and expansions.

After installing the components on the car, the fine-tuning procedure begins on the MAHA roller stand. The characteristics are taken from the wheels, and the electronics draw power and torque curves. In the original version, telescopic pipes are used - by changing their length, the developer adjusts the characteristics. Volodya, although he is a former racing driver, prefers not to bet on high revs, but at the moment - such motors are much more convenient in everyday use. The Patriot is a completely special case: improvements should not affect its all-terrain qualities. Lose traction low revs- means to ruin.

If you can get a significant additive thanks to “inhalation and exhalation,” that is, inlet and outlet, why doesn’t the plant do this?

The features of mass production do not imply individual selection of engine characteristics and work using “golden” technologies. The average setting option rules the roost there. “Eternal” stainless steel exhaust, playing with telescopic manifold pipes, abandoning the filter box in favor of a low-resistance filter - this is the lot of small tuning companies. And they kill several birds with one stone.

Moderate forcing does not affect. In this regard, working with a hitch is much less risky than disassembling the engine and replacing expensive parts. And, what’s very nice, the price is not exorbitant. A modified intake-exhaust system costs about 50 thousand rubles - including installation and configuration.

Many people are familiar with the ZMZ 409 engine, because it can easily be found on the UAZ Patriot, for example. Only the lazy don't criticize the engine. Low power with a volume of 2.7 liters, high fuel consumption, a complex timing system with a chain drive and 16 valve mechanism.

They tried to modernize the 409 engine more than once. Recently, another version of the 409 ZMZ engine appeared, this ZMZ PRO. Essentially the same inline 4 cylinder 16 valve motor running on gasoline. But according to its creators, this is a real breakthrough. After all, the power was increased to 149 hp. with the possibility of increasing to 160 horses! Torque increased to 236 Nm.

In addition, ZMZ PRO will be offered from the factory in two versions at once - petrol and petrol/gas. Universally available liquefied gas (propane-butane) will be used as gas engine fuel. It was possible to increase power due to lightweight piston group, increasing the compression ratio and resetting the valve timing.

Characteristics of the ZMZ PRO engine (ZMZ 409-051)

• Working volume – 2693 cm3
• Number of cylinders – 4
• Number of valves – 16
• Cylinder diameter – 95.5 mm
• Piston stroke – 94 mm
• Power hp – 149.6 at 5000 rpm
• Power kW – 110 at 5000 rpm
• Torque – 235 Nm at 2650 rpm
• Compression ratio – 9.8
• Timing drive - chain
• Fuel type - gasoline AI 92

Characteristics of the ZMZ PRO engine (ZMZ 409-052)

• Working volume – 2693 cm3
• Number of cylinders – 4
• Number of valves – 16
• Cylinder diameter – 95.5 mm
• Piston stroke – 94 mm
• Power hp – 143 at 5000 rpm
• Power kW – 105 at 5000 rpm
• Torque – 227 Nm at 2650 rpm
• Compression ratio – 9.8
• Timing drive - chain
• Fuel type - gasoline AI 92/Gas (propane-butane)

You can learn about the main features of the motor from the official video presentation of the manufacturer.

The power of the dual-fuel version of the engine, capable of running on gas fuel, is slightly less, but this state of affairs is compensated by the lower cost of propane-butane. By the way, little is known about the fuel consumption of the new engine. The manufacturer has not yet disclosed these indicators. For now, the ZMZ PRO engine will be installed on a new model of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant UAZ Profi, this is a truck with the ability to transport up to 1.5 tons of cargo.

Very often, car owners are faced with the question: is it worth changing the engine of a car from gasoline to diesel? Answering “yes” to it, many other questions immediately arise: from which diesel engine is better to where to get spare parts. Let's try to understand these points.

Diesel: advantages

Perhaps the main advantage of this type of engine is, of course, savings. In conditions modern world When prices are rising, including for gasoline, changing the engine means winning on fuel. Firstly, diesel always consumes less fuel than an engine running on gasoline. On average, this figure is about thirty percent. And the fuel itself is almost ten percent cheaper than gasoline - again, this is the national average.

The efficiency of a diesel engine is about forty percent - this is if the engine is not new. And more powerful units, which have intercooling and turbocharging, generally provide an efficiency of more than fifty percent.

The resource of a diesel engine is almost one and a half times longer than that of its gasoline counterparts.

These are the main ones positive aspects engines of this type. Now to the cons.

Diesel: disadvantages

Naturally, the diesel engine is not ideal. With all of it positive qualities, you can find as many (if not more) disadvantages:

1. Firstly, the weight of an engine of this type is much greater than that of a gasoline engine. In case of repair, you will have to tinker with installation, carrying and other unpleasant things.
2. Secondly, a car with a diesel engine already installed will be more expensive than exactly the same one, but running on gasoline. Even if you decide to buy the engine separately in order to install it on an existing car, it will cost you a pretty penny.
3. Point three, by the way, is very relevant in the conditions of our country, especially for car owners in the Siberian expanses: diesel fuel very sensitive to low temperatures. There is even a special winter fuel to minimize the risk of fuel freezing.

Actually, these are perhaps the main disadvantages of this fuel. Now, let’s specifically discuss the diesel engine on UAZ of various types.

For what?

When installing a diesel engine in a UAZ, of course, the car owner pursues not only the goal of saving fuel costs. Diesel is power, solidity, so to speak. After all, the first thing that comes to mind when the UAZ brand is called is cross-country ability. Indeed, what kind of car do we most often imagine when the conversation turns to moving across rough terrain, among swamps, forests, and rivers? What engine pushes the car, allowing it to overcome any obstacles? Which units are popular and which are already outdated? Before a car owner wonders how to install a diesel engine in a UAZ, he will first think about what kind of engine is needed.

Diesel for the "loaf"

Let's figure out what kind of diesel engine is usually installed on the UAZ-452 ("loaf" - among the people). Another name for such a car is “tablet”. Below we will present those engines that, according to experts and car enthusiasts, are most suitable for such a car.

The Peugeot Indenor engine is very much appreciated by drivers - it was installed in the Ford Sierra already in the distant eighties. But despite its age, this particular engine is considered the most suitable and reliable for a “loaf”. Engine volume is 2.3 liters. If this is not enough, then you can install the same one, but from Ford Scorpio and Ford Transit cars of the same years - their volume is 0.2 liters larger, and if you try, you can even find turbocharged engines. They weigh a little more than their “colleagues” that run on gasoline, and installing them for a knowledgeable person is also not difficult at all.

Another popular engine for the “loaf” is called “diesels” from Mercedes, whose volume is: 2.2, 2.4 and 3 liters. It is advised to pay attention to engines that were produced in the late seventies. It’s just more difficult to install them - more due to the fact that the oil filter is designed very poorly and is located in front and at the very bottom. If the car moves over rough terrain, all the bumps and stumps will “stick” into the filter. Therefore, it is necessary to install additional protection in order to keep the engine safe and sound.

A diesel engine for UAZ from the Isuzu company, model 4-JJ-2, is highly recommended. Its volume is 3.1 liters, and it is also turbocharged. Main problem such an engine is that it is almost impossible to get it, especially in Russia.

And the last one on this list will be Toyota Hiat, 2 liter. According to many, it is the most reliable, high-quality, and absolutely hassle-free. It is quite easy to buy, you can install it without any problems and maintain it without straining, because there are also enough spare parts for it. They only advise buying those engines that were produced before the end of the eighties, because all the parts are made of cast iron, and on later engines some of the parts are made of aluminum.

UAZ "Patriot" with a diesel engine

We talked about the “tablet”, now about “Patriot”. Initially, the cars were equipped with an engine of Italian origin from Iveco. Its indicators are as follows: 2.3 liters - volume, 19-13 liters per hundred kilometers - consumption on the highway. But they didn’t stage it for long: apparently they decided that if it’s “Patriot,” then all the components should be domestic. We switched to ZMZ diesel.

Diesel ZMZ engine The UAZ "Patriot" was clearly placed in the wrong place, as many car owners believe. The engine for this big car clearly weak, in some places it frankly “didn’t handle” off-road, as UAZ drivers say. Of course, a diesel engine, for example, ZMZ 51432, is much better than its “gasoline brother,” but still not the same.

They found a solution that was difficult to implement, but reliable: install the same engine from Iveco, which was once factory for of this car. Again, the most praised is the F1A, whose volume is 2.3 liters and power is 116 hp. With. If you also pair it with the Korean Daimos gearbox, then it turns out just great. The same engines are easily installed on the UAZ Hunter. The only thing is that you have to tinker and it also costs a lot of money.

What diesel engines are installed on the UAZ Kozlik?

For the big-nosed UAZ, they recommend the opposite - a diesel engine from the ZMZ series. For example, ZMZ-406, ZMZ-405 or ZMZ-409. Of course, you will have to dig into almost everything: fastenings, exhaust and fuel systems, it will be necessary to remake the clutch housing and change the wiring diagram. But this is the most budgetary and most practical option.

If the engine is installed from the Mercedes company, then the ones most suitable for such a rearrangement are OM616 and OM617. They are called very reliable, time-tested and quite economical.

If you install a Toyota engine, then the 1KZ-TE unit is best suited for this role. When you install it in a car, you will certainly have to tinker. But you don't need to touch the body. But diesel 2 LT from the same company is called the easiest to install. You just need to grind out a spacer for the front driveshaft of about two centimeters and push the radiator forward just a little bit.

Peculiarities

When installing a diesel engine on a UAZ, you may encounter some nuances. Firstly, when attaching a diesel engine, it is almost always necessary to redo the mounting points, the pallet, the brackets need to be welded, or, in general, new ones need to be added. Secondly, there is no way to ignore the fuel supply and cooling systems of the car engine. All this will also have to be improved. Other changes will affect electrical equipment, which will have to be adjusted to the new engine. The scope of the tasks will depend on what type of diesel engine you decide to put in your car.

Another problem faced when cars are rebuilt is noise. Diesel is quite loud in operation, so you should take care of sound insulation, otherwise you will be forced to drive with not very pleasant music. Also, the car needs vibration isolation - compared to gasoline engines, "diesel" produces a lot of vibration. This applies even to new, no doubt, modified models.

More specifically about ZMZ

Engines of this type have already been discussed above. Many car owners say the main disadvantage of such an engine is low power. Indeed, for UAZ cars, with quite a lot of weight and high requirements to cross-country ability, the engine is considered a burden. And its resource is on average 100,000-150,000 kilometers, which is not much. Despite the fact that spare parts for it can be found in abundance at any spare parts store, all of them are not very good quality. Which also does not make good advertising for the engine.

But there are also advantages: they note that it is very easy to install and repair in case of breakdown, literally in the field. Not picky about the weather. A simple hard worker, without foppery, who fits any UAZ car.

Conclusion: the pros and cons of a diesel UAZ

Having acquired diesel engines, UAZ cars began to roam the expanses of Russia with even greater energy. But seriously, a high-quality converted UAZ simply has no competition all over the world as an SUV. By the words “qualitatively remade”, of course, we do not mean factory assembly, and an already pumped up car - with a new engine, securely tightened bolts, and tested electronics. Fortunately, car owners are usually skilled people. Therefore, let’s generalize: it’s a good idea to install diesel in a UAZ. Reviews, at least on any motorist forum, are mostly positive. Of course, disputes arise about which engine is better to install in a car, but this is a matter of practice. Whether it's a UAZ "Hunter" or a "goat" - if the car is in in capable hands, then it obviously won’t get any worse from the modifications.

There are also disadvantages - again, according to reviews from the owners. The weight of the car has increased - albeit just a little, but still heavy engine makes itself felt. And also the price. Still, changing an engine, especially given our economic situation, is not easy.

In September 2017, in Moscow, at the Crocus Expo exhibition complex, the International Exhibition of Commercial Vehicles Comtrans 2017 was held. UAZ showed a new commercial vehicle UAZ-Profi in which it is installed new engine ZMZ-PRO.

New engine, this is naturally good (hopefully) reworked old ZMZ-409

After processing we got characteristics:
Power 149.6 hp at 5000 rpm
Torque 235.4 Nm at 2650 rpm
Compression ratio 9.8

At this compression ratio, it is supposed to be filled with 95-octane gasoline. Which is not very good for commercial vehicles. But there was a modification Gas-Petrol.
This engine is abbreviated ZMZ-409052. The equipment is Italian, the brains are accordingly tuned to dual-fuel mode.

The single-row chain, which broke on the Patriots, was finally replaced with a double-row. ( who remembers, the double-row chain was on EURO-3, they returned so to speak)
The tension shoes went away and the sprockets appeared again.
Hydraulic tensioners INA, OTHERWISE it will break this chain too :)

The rollers are also imported

The pan gasket is now metal. This should prevent oil leakage.

New valves.

The valve timing has changed.

The gearbox was “adapted” to the new engine. But what exactly has changed is still unknown.

We established a 2 year or 200 thousand km warranty on the engine
We'll wait and see!